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062
Nervous System & Psychiatry - Q – Psychiatric Diagnostic Terms & A – Meaning
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| major depression | a disorder causing periodic disturbances in mood that affect concentration, sleep, activity, appetite, and social behavior; characterized by feelings of worthlessness, fatigue, and loss of interest |
| dysthymia | a milder affective disorder characterized by chronic depression |
| manic depression | an affective disorder characterized by mood swings of mania and depression (extreme up and down states) |
| seasonal affective disorder (SAD) | an affective disorder marked by episodes of depression that most often occur during the fall and winter and that remitin the spring |
| generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) | the most common anxiety disorder; characterized by chronic, excessive, uncontrollable worry about everyday problems; affects the ability to relax or concentrate, but does not usually interfere with social interactions or employment; physical symptoms incl |
| panic disorder | a disorder of sudden, recurrent attacks of intense feelings, including physical symptoms that mimic a heart attack (rapid heart rate, chest pain, shortness of breath, chills, sweating, and dizziness) with a general sense of loss of control or feeling that |
| phobia | exaggerated fear of a specific object or circumstance that causes anxiety and panic; named for the object or circumstance, such as agoraphobia (fear of the marketplace), claustrophobia (fear of confinement), and acrophobia (fear of high places) |
| posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) | a condition resulting from an extremely traumatic experience, injury, or illness that leaves the sufferer with persistent thoughts and memories of the ordeal; may occur after a war, violent personal assault, physical or sexual abuse, serious accident, or |
| obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) | an anxiety disorder featuring unwanted, senseless obsessions accompanied by repeated compulsions; can interfere with all aspects of a person′s daily life; for example, the thought that a door is not locked causing repetitive checking to make sure it is lo |
| hypochondriasis | a preoccupation with thoughts of disease and concern that one is suffering from a serious condition that persists despite medical reassurance to the contrary |
| autism | a developmental disability, commonly appearing during the first three years of life, resulting from a neurologic disorder affecting brain function, as evidenced by difficulties with verbal and nonverbal communication and an inability to relate to anything |
| parts of small objects or moving parts or with performing meaningless rituals | |
| dyslexia | a developmental disability characterized by difficulty understanding written or spoken words, sentences, or paragraphs that affects reading, spelling, and self-expression |
| attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) | a dysfunction characterized by consistent hyperactivity, distractibility, and lack of control over impulses, which interferes with ability to function normally at school, home, or work |
| mental retardation | a condition of subaverage intelligence characterized by an IQ of 70 or less, resulting in the inability to adapt to normal social activities |
| anorexia nervosa | a severe disturbance in eating behavior caused by abnormal perceptions about one′s body weight, as evidenced by an overwhelming fear of becoming fat that results in a refusal to eat and body weight well below normal |
| bulimia nervosa | an eating disorder characterized by binge eating followed by efforts to limit digestion though induced vomiting, use of laxatives, or excessive exercise |
| substance abuse disorders | mental disorders resulting from abuse of substances such as drugs, alcohol, or other toxins, causing personal and social dysfunction; identified by the abused substance, such as alcohol abuse, amphetamine abuse, opioid (narcotic) abuse, and polysubstance |
| schizophrenia | a disease of brain chemistry causing a distorted cognitive and emotional perception of one′s environment; symptoms include distortions of normal function (such as disorganized thought, delusions, hallucinations, and catatonic behavior), flat affect, apath |
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shachi.pandit
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