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Unit 5

Civics Unit 5 Test

QuestionAnswer
Domestic Tranquility maintain orderly & beneficial society
Criminal Court hears cases involving alleged violations of state penal code -defendant and prosecutor
Civil Court hear disputes btwn private citizens, businesses, org, etc
Original Jurisdiction authority to hear cases first
Appellate Jurisdiction authority to review decision of a court having original jurisdiction
Concurrent both state and federal have authority to hear case
Exclusive only fed courts may hear that case
Adversial court cases argued by both attnys for opposing sides -fed & st do this -defendant or plaintiff -judges make sure of due process -trial strategies determined by attnys -juries decide final outcome
Arrest Warrants in most misdemeanor cases, law end must 1st get legal doc from court
Probable Cause sufficient evidence that the person has committed a crime
Plea bargaining process in which defendants who know they will likely
Appellate Courts decisions made by panel of judges, not jury -reviews jurisdiction of lower cases
US Supreme court jurisdiction -appellate jurisdiction over all lower courts - fed & st -original jurisdiction over cases involving ambassadors, public ministers, and consuls,
Felonies more serious crimes (murder, rape, drug trafficking) punishable by longer periods of incarceration and/or capital punishment
Misdemeanors less serious crimes usually punishable by a fine, probation, or less than a year in jail
Summons how defendants usually become aware that civil action has been taken against them -informs of civil charges & tells them when/where
Jurisprudence study of law
Hammurabi's Code 1st natural rights and written law
Family Law type of civil law- deals w/ things like divorce, custody battles, adoption
Retribution "payback" punishment to the crime committed -person who favors death penalty
Rehabilitation helping convicted persons change their behavior -more education, outreach, counseling
Recidivism rate at which criminal behavior is repeated by them same person
Probation instead of jail, set of conditions must meet within a certain time
Parole released early from prison but still considered to be serving sent; set conditions to meet; parole officer to check in w/
Law Enforcement Agencies who would arrive at the crime scene (local police, sheriff, FBI, SBI, CIA) -CIA isn't a law enforcement agency, they gather info over seas
Mental institutions receive treatment and kept from society -have to prove you're mentally ill
Statutory Law any laws passed by the state legislature or US Congress -basic laws -start as bills
Common Law laws based on past court decisions and precedence -happens so much it's common
the Iroquois League group of Native Americans created a govt that included a Const and president -created Great Peacemaker; influenced Const (only non-European influence)
International Law laws btwn diff countries -hard to enforce -treaties
Magna Carta granted certain rights to nobles and placed the king under direct law (1st limited govt)
Ten Commandments moral standards, laws, and faiths
Justinian Codes old Roman laws compiled together
Draconian LAws gave voice to common people
English Bill of Rights limited authority of Kind, protected ind rights of citizens
British Common Law based on past court decisions or tradition
Social Contract idea that people give up some of their rights to maintain a society & govt
Dec of Ind declared US ind, influenced Const
Created by: _xokayleighxo_
Popular American Government sets

 

 



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