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Chapter 3
Cellular Level of Organization
| Term | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Cells | the living structural and functional units enclosed by a membrane |
| cells arise from ______________. | Existing cells by cell division |
| what does selective permeability mean? | allows only certain substances to enter or exit the cell |
| what is the cytoplasm? | the fluid portion of the cell |
| where is the cytoplasm? | between the plasma membrane and the nucleus |
| what is the fluid of the cytoplasm called? | cytosol |
| what structures are contained in the cytoplasm? | organelles |
| what are characteristics of organelles? | have characteristic shapes and specific functions |
| what are some examples of organelles? | cytoskeleton, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, gogli complex, lysosomes, peroxisomes, mitochondrion |
| what is the nucleus? | the largest organelle in the cell |
| what does the nucleus contain? | most of the cells DNA, 46 chromosomes, genes |
| what is a chromosome? | a single DNA wound around proteins |
| what are genes? | the hereditary units that control most aspects of cellular structure and funtion found in the DNA |
| what is the lipid bilayer? | basic framework of the plasma membrane made up of back to back layers of 3 parts of lipid molecules |
| what are the three types of lipid molecules? | phospholipids, cholesterol, glycolipid |
| what contains 75% of membrane lipid? | phospholipid |
| what is the phospholipid made of? | head made of phosphate, and tail made of lipid |
| is the phospholipid head hydrophilic or hydrophobic? and why | hydrophilic, the head is made of phosphate and loves water |
| is the tail hydrophilic or hydrophobic? and why | hydrophobic, the tail is made of lipid (fat) and hates water |
| Name the parts of a cell | plasma mebrane, cytoplasm, nucleus |
| what is the plasma membrane | flexible outer surface seperating cell's internal environment from the external environment |
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JCrawford2580
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