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Microbiology
Clinical Laboratory Procedures
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define the "field of microbiology" | study of all microorganisms, living structures that can be seen only with powerful magnification |
| Define POL. | Physician's Office Laboratory |
| Define CLIA. | Clinical Laboratory Improvement Act 1988 |
| Name the 7 different kinds of cultures. | throat, sputum, urine, blood, wound, genital, nose, stool |
| what is the least amount of time a culture would need to grow before being examined for identification? | 12 hours |
| what two things must be achieved in order for the culture to grow? | optimum environment and temperature |
| what is the name of the natural bacteria found in the body? | normal flora |
| what is the purpose of normal flora | it helps with the body's immune system |
| can some specimens be refrigerated without harming it? | yes |
| name the media that will keep a specimen on a swab moist until it is cultured. | holding media |
| what department of a hospital works closely with the microbiology department to determine if certain organisms are causing infections? | infection control department |
| what is the name of the nuclear material that all living cells contain? | DNA deoxyribonucleic acid |
| once bacteria encapsulate themselves with a protective protein coating, they become known as what? | spores |
| how long can spores live? | 150,000 YEARS |
| what would be an example of a spore? | tetanus |
| what is the amount of time an autoclave is set to sufficiently kill infectious agents, spores, viruses, and contaminants? | 15-20 min |
| define aerosols. | airborne particles that can be released into the air when culturing |
| what piece of protective equipment is used to protect the medical assistant and other laboratory personnel when working with aerosols? | safety hood |
| define aerobic. | grows well in oxygen |
| define anaerobic | does not grow well or at all in oxygen |
| define inoculating loop | piece of wire with rounded edge used to transfer organisms on a culture medium in a plate or broth. |
| what is the quickest method of sterilizing the inoculating loop and needle? | incinerator |
| name the four most important steps in specimen handling. | 1) standard precautions are strictly followed2) specimens are properly collected3) specimens are in the proper container4) specimens reach lab in a minimal amount of time |
| how often are quality control checks done when testing specimens? | every test or according to manufacturers instructions |
| how often should temperature controls be monitored on equipment in the lab? | daily |
| define MSDS | material safety data sheets |
| when should "standard precautions" be practiced? | All the time and especially while obtaining and processing specimens |
| what type of specimen is obtained from doing a lumbar puncture (LP) procedure? | CSF= cerebrospinal fluid |
| what does a culture medium contain? | nutrients compared to human tissue to encourage growth of microorganisms. |
| name the three shapes of bacteria. | cocci-round bacilli-rod shaped spirilla-spiral shaped |
| what is a wet-mount preparation? | a specimen suspended in liquid for viewing under the microscope. |
| what is wet-mount prep used for? | to diagnose the cause of fungal and bacterial infections. |
| what preparation is used to study fungi and spores? | KOH= potassium hydroxide preparation |
| what has the appearance of gelatin? | agar |
| what is the name of the container used to grow bacteria? | petri dish |
| media in a liquid form is stored in what kind of tube? | broth tube |
| a primary culture is read after being incubated for ____ to ____ hours. | 24 to 48 hours |
| Group A streptococcus is also known as _________. | Beta Hemolytic Streptococcus Group A |
| Group A streptococcus bacteria have what shape? | round |
| If group A streptococcus goes untreated what can it cause? | kidney or heart valve damage |
| what is the benefit of performing a rapid strep test versus a throat culture? | results within minutes |
| what is the difference between a rapid strep test and a throat culture? | rapid strep test is only a screening tool. throat culture is when the bacteria is actually grown, identified, and tested for sensitivity. |
| what does it mean if a bacteria is reported as "sensitive to"? | the antibiotic being tested is effective against it |
| what does it mean if a bacteria is reported as "resistant to"? | the antibiotic being tested is not effective against it |
| why are we seeing more parasitic infections? | public awareness and the age of travel |
| where are parasites found? | blood, urine, and feces |
| What is the name of the study of parasites? | parasitology |
| what type of container should be used to collect a specimen for ova and parasites? What kind of specimen would we need to collect | wide mouth containers with a tight lid for a fecal specimen |
| what is enterobius vermicularis? | round worm |
| what are some of the symptoms of enterobius vermicularis? | severe itching, irritability, insomnia at night |
| what type of test would be performed to diagnose enterobius vermicularis? | cellophane tape swab on the anus at night when the round worm is active near the anus |
| what is mycology? | study of fungus |
| what is the most common type of infection in the field of mycology? | yeast infections |
| microbiology does not include the study of _________ and ____________. | plants and animals |
| study of algae | phycology |
| study of viruses | virology |
| study of protozoa | protozoology |
| study of bacteria | bacteriology |
| study of fungus | mycology |
| study of animals | zoology |
| study of plants | botany |
| study of microorganisms | microbiology |
| study of resistance | immunology |
Created by:
caramel_cutie_no_1
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