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Chapter 16
The Sensory System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| auditory ossicles | 3 bones in middle ear anchor eardrum to tympanic cavity and transmit vibrabrations to inner ear |
| auricle/pinna | funnel like structure leading from external ear to external auditory meatus |
| choroid | thin posterior membrane in middle layer of eye |
| ciliary body | thick anterior membrane in middle layer of eye |
| cochlea | snail shaped structure in inner ear contains organ of corti |
| cones | specialize receptor cells in retina that perceive color and bright light |
| conjunctive | muscous membrane lining the eyelid |
| cornea | transparent anterior section of eyeball that bends light in process called refraction |
| decibel | measure of intensity of sound |
| ear | organ of hearing |
| eardrum | oval, semi transparent membrane moves in response to sound waves and produces vibration |
| endolymph | fluid inside the membranous labyrinth |
| equilibrium | sense of balance |
| eustacian tube | tube that conncts the middle ear to pharynx |
| eye | orgn of sight |
| eyebrow | clump of hair above eye to keep foreign particles from entering the eye |
| eyelashes | group of hairs on end of eyelid to keep foreign particles from entering the eye |
| fovea centralis | epression in center of macula luta; percieves sharpest image |
| eyelid | moveable covering over the ey |
| hearing | ability to percieve sound |
| incus | one of 3 auditory ossicles; the anvil |
| iris | colored part of eye; contains muscle sthat expand and contract in response to light |
| lacrimal glans | glands that secrete liquid to moisten the eyes and produce tears |
| lens | colorless flexible transparent body behind the iris |
| macula | inner ear structure containing hairlike sensors that move to maintain equilibrium |
| macula lutea | small yellowish area located in center of retina which has depression |
| malleus | one of 3 autitory ossicles; the hammer |
| membranous labyrinth | 1/2 tubes that make up semicircular canls |
| neuroretina | thick layer of nervous tissue in retina |
| olfactory organs | organs at top of nasal vaity containing olfactory receptors |
| optic nerve | nerve that transmits nerve impulses from eye to brain |
| organ of corti | structure on basiliar membrane with hairlike receptors that reveive and transmit sounds waves |
| osseus labrinth | 1/2 tubes that make up semicircular canals |
| otoliths | small calcifications in inner ear that help maintain balance |
| papillae | taste buds |
| perilymph | liquid secred by walls of oseus labyrinth |
| pupil | black center of eye; opens and closes in respsonse to light because of iris |
| refraction | process of bending light rays |
| reinta | oval light sensitive membrane in intertior layer of eye; decodes light waves and transmits information to brain |
| rods | specialized receptor cells in retina that perceive black to white shades |
| clera | thick tough membrane in outer eye layer; supports eyeball structure |
| semicircular canals | structures in inner ear important for balance |
| sensory receptors | specialized tisse containing cells that can receive stimuli |
| sensory system | organs that perceive and receive stimuli from ouside or within body |
| sight | ability to see |
| smell | ability to perceive odors |
| stapes | 1/3 auditory ossicles; stirrup |
| taste | ability to perveice the QULAITIES OF INGEST MATTER |
| taste budsuL | organs that sense taste of food |
| taste cells | specializze receptor cells within taste buds |
| tears | moisture secreted from lacrimal glands |
| touh | ability to perceive sensation on skin |
| tympanic membrane | eardrum |
| uvea | region of eye containing the iris choroid membran and ciliary bodies |
| vestibule | bon chamber between semicircular canla and cochlea |
| audio; audito | hearing |
| auro auriculo | hearing |
| blepharo | eyelid |
| cerumino | wax |
| cochleo | cochlea |
| conjuntivo | conjunctiva |
| coro coreo | pupil |
| corneo | cornea |
| cyclo | ciliary body |
| dacryo | tears |
| iro irdio | iris |
| kerato | cornea |
| lacrimo | tears |
| mastoid | mastoid process |
| mmyringo | eardrum; middle ear |
| naso | nose |
| oculo | eye |
| ophthalmo | eye |
| opto optico | eye |
| ossiculo | ossicle |
| phaco phako | lens |
| pupillo | pupil |
| retino | retina |
| sclero | white of eye |
| scoto | darkness |
| tympano | eardrum ; middle ear |
| uveo | uvea |
| acc | accomodation |
| ad | right ear |
| armd | age related macular degeneration |
| as | left ear |
| au | both ears |
| ent | ear nose throat |
| icce | intracapsular cataract cyroextraction |
| iol | intraocular lens |
| iop | intraocular pressure |
| nva | near visual acuity |
| d | diopter |
| dB | decibel |
| dva | distance visual acuity |
| ecce | extracapsular cataract extraction |
| eent | eye ear nose throat |
| ou | each eye |
| perrl perrla | pupils equal round reactive to light; accomoodation |
| pe tube | polyethylene ventilating tube; in eardrum |
| som | serous otitis media |
| va | visual acuity |
| od | right eye |
| om | otitis media |
| os | left eye |
| vf | visual field |
| + | plus; convex |
| - | minus; concave |
| audiogram | graph that plots te acoustic frequencies being tested |
| audiologist | specialist evaluating hearing ufunction |
| audiometru | measurement of acoustic frequencies using an audiometer |
| diopter | unit of refracting power of lens |
| ophthalmologist | medical specialist ho diagnoses and treats eye disorders |
| optician | technicial who makes and fits corrective lenses |
| optometrist | nonmedical specialist who examines the eyes and prescribes lenses |
| otologist | medical specilist in ear disorders |
| otorhinolaryngologist | medical specialist who treats ear nose and throat disorders |
| otoscopy | inspection of ear using otoscope |
| tonometry | measurement of tension or pressure within eye |
| aerotitis media | inflammation of middle ear caused by air pressure changes |
| anacusis | loss of hering |
| aphakia | absence of lens |
| asthenopia | wakness of ocular or ciliary muscles that causes eyes to tire easily |
| atigmatism | distortion of sight beause lack of focus of light rays at one point on retina |
| blepharitis | inflammation of eyelid |
| blepharochalasis | loss of elasticity of eyelid |
| blpharospams | involuntary eyelid movement; excessive blinking |
| blepharoptosis | drooping of eyelid |
| blindess | loss of sight |
| cataract | cloudiness of lens of eye |
| chalazion | nodular inflammation that usually forms on eyelid |
| cholesteatoma | fatty cyst within middle ear |
| conjunctivitis | inflammation of conjunctiva of eyelid |
| contact lenses | corrective lenses worn on surface of eye |
| dacryoadenitis | inflamation of lacrimal glands |
| dacryocystitis | inflammation of tear duct |
| deafness | loss of hearing |
| dermatochalasis | loss of elasticity of eyelid |
| diplopia | double vision |
| epiphora | wxcessive tearing |
| esotropia | deviation of one eye inward |
| exophthalmos | abnormal protrusion of eyeballs |
| extropia | deviation of one eye outward |
| eyestrain | asthenopia |
| farsightedness | hyperopia |
| glaucoma | caused by abnormally high eye pressure |
| hordeolum | infection of sevaceous gland of eyelid; sty |
| hyperopid | focusing behind the rtina causing vision distortion |
| iritis | inflammation of iris |
| keratitis | inflammation of cornea |
| labyrinthitis | inflammation of labyrinth |
| lacrimation | secretions of tears |
| macular degeneration | gradual loss of vision caused by degeneration of tissue in macula |
| mastoiditis | inflammation of mastoid process |
| meniere's disease | elevated pressire within cochlea |
| muopia | focusing in front of retina causing vision distortion ; nearsightedness |
| myringitis | inflammation of eardrum |
| nearsightedness | myopia |
| nyctalopia | night blindness |
| nystagmus | excessive involuntary eyeball movement |
| otalgia | pain in ear |
| otitis externa | fungal infection of external ear calnal |
| otitis media | inflammation of middle ear |
| otorrhagia | bleeding from ear |
| otorrhea | purulent discharge from ear |
| otosclerosis | hardening of bones of ear |
| paracusis | imparied hearing |
| blepharoplasty | surgical repair of eyelid |
| cryoretinopexy | fixing of torn retina using extreme cold |
| dacryocystectomy | removal of lacrimal sav |
| enucleation | removal of eyeball |
| iridectomy | removal of part of iris |
| iridotomy | incision into iris to relieve pressure |
| keratoplasty | corneal transplant |
| myringotomy | insertion of small tube to help drain fluid from ears |
| otoplasty | surgival repair of outer ear |
| phacoemulsification | use of ultrasound to break up and remove cataracts |
| stapedectomy | removal of stapes to cure otosclerosis |
| trabeculectomy | removal of part of trabeculum to allow aqueous humor to lfow freely around eye |
| tympanoplasty | reapir of eardrum |
| antiseptic ear drops | to cleanse ear by dispelling earwax |
| anti inflammatory ear drops | to reduce ear inflammation |
| eye drops | to reduce eye congestion |
| eye moisturizer | to moisten eyes |
| miiotic | contraction of pupil |
| mydriatic | dilation of pupil |
| nasal decongestant | to reduce nasal congestion |
| photophobia | extreme sensitivity of light |
| pink eye | conjunctivities |
| presbyacusis | age related hearing loss |
| presbyopia | age related dimised ility to focus or accomodate |
| pseudophakia | eye with an implanted lens after cataract surgery |
| retinitis | inflammation of retina |
| retinities pimentosa | progressive inherited disease with pifmented spot on retina and poor night vision |
| scleritis | inflammtaion of sclera |
| scotoma | blind spot in visino |
| strabismus | eye misalignment |
| sty | hordeolum |
| tinnitus | constant ringing or buzzing in ear |
| trichiasis | abnormal growth of eyelashes in direction tht causes them to rub on eye |
| tympanitis | inflammation of eardrum |
| vertigo | dizziness |
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cs3516
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