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What is the difference btwn aliens and immigrants?
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1st amendment
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Civics unit 4 test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the difference btwn aliens and immigrants? | An immigrant is someone who is here to stay while an alien is someone with or without citizenship who is visiting |
| 1st amendment | freedom of speech, religion, of the press, to peacefully assemble |
| 2nd | right to bear arms |
| 3rd | no forced quartering of soldiers |
| 4th | no searches and seizures w/o warrant |
| 5th | no double jeopardy, no self incrimination, land can be used for public use if paid a fair price |
| 6th | trial by an impartial jury of your peers, right to speedy and open door trial |
| 7th | right to a trial by jury when suing above $20 |
| 8th | no cruel and unusual punishments |
| 9th | rights not stated in the Const |
| 10th | state can establish laws that aren't a federal govt law (i.e. abortion) |
| 11th | state cannot be sued by foreigners or citizens of another state |
| 12th | Pres and VP have separate ballots in electoral college |
| 13th | abolished slavery |
| 14th | made everyone citizens |
| 15th | gave freed slaves the right to vote |
| 16th | income tax |
| 17th | senators elected by the people |
| 18th | prohibited alcohol |
| 19th | women can vote |
| 20th | inauguration moved to Jan. VP elect becomes Pres if something happens to Pre elect |
| 21st | repealed 18th |
| 22nd | limit to 2 terms |
| 23rd | dc can vote |
| 24th | no poll taxes |
| 25th | established succession |
| 26th | 18 yr olds vote |
| 27th | Cong pay raise doesn't go into effect until next term |
| Marbury v. Madison (1803) | est judicial review |
| McCullouch v. Maryland (1819) | Supremacy Clause |
| Gibbons v. Ogden (1824) | fed govt controls interstate trade |
| Korematsu v. US (1944) | in a time of war, pres can issue executive order to maintain national security |
| De jure segregation | segregation by the law |
| De facto segregation | people segregate themselves |
| Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) | separate but equal is okay |
| Brown v. Board of Education (1954) | separate but equal is not okay; integrated schools as quickly as possible |
| Heart of Atlanta v. US (1964) | public places could not choose who to serve; they serve everyone |
| Swann v. Charlotte - Mecklenburg BOE (1969) | busing can be used to integrate schools |
| Affirmative Action | minorities are given special consideration and/or actively recruited for jobs, admittance to universities, etc. |
| Regents of UC v. Bakke (1978) | state supported school could use race as a basis for admission though quotas are illegal |
| Furman v. Georgia (1972) | Death penalty is unconstitutional |
| Gregg v. Georgia (1976) | Death penalty is fine as long as it's applied fairly |
| Mapp v. Ohio (1966) | police are not allowed to use illegally obtained evidence in a trial |
| Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) | right to an attorney even if you don't have the money for one |
| Miranda v. Arizona (1966) | est Miranda rule/warning |
| Engel v. Vitale (1962) | no prayer in public school |
| NJ v. TLO (1985) | schools can check lockers randomly or with "reasonable suspicion" |
| Tinker v. Des Moines (1969) | the wearing of armbands are protected as symbolic speech |
| Bethel School DIstrict v. Fraser (1986) | schools can set limits on language and expression if they can prove that the actions are distracting |
| Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier (1988) | school administration may place restrictions on a school newspaper and may censor it |
| Schenck v. US (1919) | govt can limit speech in a time of war if it is a "clear and present danger" |
| Texas v. Johnson (1989) | you can burn in protest as a symbolic speech and cannot be outlawed |
| State (NC) v. Mann (1830) | NCSC ruled slave-owners cannot be punished for destroying their own property |
| The Leandro Case v. State (1997) | reinforced that NC govt is obligated to live up to the guidelines of the Const |
| Who is a born citizen? | someone who has both or one parent as a citizen, native american, born on a military base, born in any of the 50 states or DC or American territory |
| Costs of Jury Duty? | time away from family, job, expense of it, time |
| Melting Pot Theory | means to assimilate - to blend together to become one |
| Characteristics of effective citizenship? | voting, patriotism, volunteerism, responsible behavior, paying taxes, respecting the rights of others, community spirit, voluntary compliance |
| benefits of political and economic freedom? | get to choose, have a voice, allowed to live wherever you want, opportunity to pursue success, may set own goals, us govt doesn't have limit in choices, benefits other countries don't have, make own political choices |
| consequences of political and economic freedom? | no help in loss in stock market, willing to compromise, personal responsibilities, must face justice for doing something wrong |
| ways to amend the US Const? | Initiated by Congress - both houses of Cong pass proposed amend then goes to state; 3/4 of states approve becomes part of Const Constitutional Convention - occurs when 2/3 states call for special mtg to consider proposed amend; 3/4 states approve |
| judicial review? | judicial branch has authority to rule things unconstitutional |
| affirmative action? | policy designed to help minorities who traditionally been discriminated against |
| causes of the 26th amend? | "old enough to fight, old enough to vote" |
| Steps in the Naturalization process | 1 - sign a statement on (US CIS) 2 - live in US at least 3 months in state you want to live in, file an app for citizenship (18 yrs old) 3 - interview w/ CIS |
| Steps in the naturalization process (cont.) | 4 - citizenship exam (CIS decision) 5 - ceremony (oath of allegiance) 6 - sign doc (your child under 18 becomes cit.) |
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