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chapter12
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| assumption error | an error that occurs when an essential piece of information cannot be verified and is guessed or presumed |
| capture error | an error that occurs when focus on a task is diverted elsewhere and therefore the error goes undetected |
| electronic medication administration record (eMAR) | a computerized patient medical record used to minimize medication errors |
| extra dose error | an error in which more doses are received by a patient than were prescribed by the physician |
| human failure | an error generated by failure that occurs at an individual level |
| Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP) | a nonprofit healthcare agency whose primary mission is to understand the causes of medication errors and to provide time-critical error reduction strategies to the healthcare community, policymakers, and the public |
| medical error | any circumstance, action, inaction, or decision related to health care that contributes to an unintended health result |
| medication error | any preventable event that may cause or lead to inappropriate medication use or patient harm while the medication is in the control of the health care professional, patient, or consumer |
| Medication Error Reporting Program (ISMP MERP) | a program designed to allow healthcare professionals to report medication errors directly to the Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP) |
| MEDMARX | an Internet-based program of the USP for use by hospitals and healthcare systems for documenting, tracking, and identifying trends for adverse events and medication errors |
| noncompliance | failure to take therapy as the physician instructs; also called nonadherence |
| omission error | an error in which a prescribed dose is not given |
| organizational failure | an error generated by failure of organizational rules, policies, or procedures |
| prn | the abbreviation for a common Latin phrase, pro re nata, or “in the circumstances.” This is commonly used to direct a patient to take medication on an as-needed basis rather than a routinely scheduled dosage. |
| product line extension | a marketing strategy by which a brand name product is brought to market with different combinations of active ingredients and different indications leading to potential consumer errors |
| root-cause analysis | a logical and systematic process used to help identify what, how, and why something happened to prevent recurrence |
| selection error | an error that occurs when two or more options exist and the incorrect option is chosen |
| sentinel event | an unexpected occurrence involving death or serious physical or psychological injury or the potential for such events to occur |
| technical failure | an error generated by failure of equipment |
| wrong dosage form error | an error in which the dosage form or formulation is not the accepted interpretation of the physician order |
| wrong dose error | an error in which the dose is either above or below the correct dose by more than 5% |
| wrong time error | a medication error in which a drug is given 30 minutes or more before or after it was prescribed, up to the time of the next dose, not including as needed orders |
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