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POLS exam 1 vocab
american government vocabulary chapter 1-3
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| authority | the recognized right of officials to exercise power as a result of positions they hold |
| elitism | the notion that wealthy and well-connected individuals exercise power of certain area of public policy. |
| majoritarianism | the idea that the majority prevails not only in elections but also determining policy |
| pluralism | a theory of american politics that holds that society's interests are substantially represented through the activities of groups |
| politics | the process through which a society settles its conflicts |
| delegates | elected representatives whose obligation is to act in accordance with the expressed wishes of the people they represent |
| judicial review | the power of courts to decide whether a governmental institution has acted within its constitutional powers and, if not, to declare its action null and void. |
| liberty | the principle that individuals should be free to act and think as they choose, provided they do not infringe unreasonable on the rights and freedoms of others |
| republic | a form of government in which the people's representatives decide policy through institutions structured in ways that foster deliberation, slow the process of decision-making, and operate within restraints that protect individual liberty. |
| republic | to the framer's the constitution's of separation of powers and other limits on power were defining features of a republican form of government, as opposed to democratic, which places no limits on the majority. |
| categorical grants | federal grants-in-aid to state and localities that can be used only for designated projects |
| block grants | federal grants-in-aid that permit state and local officials to decide how the money will be spent within a general area, such as education or health |
| trustees | elected representatives whose obligation is to act in accordance with their own consciences as to what policies are in the best interests of the public |
| cooperative federalism | the situation in which the natural, state, and local levels work together to solve problems |
| devolution | the passing down of authority from the national government to the state and local governments. |
| dual federalism | a doctrine based on the idea that a precise separation of national power and state power is both possible and desirable |
Created by:
j.ja.1991
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