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MedCon 14
The following activity is for the "key terms" in chapter 14 of your textbook.
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Acromegaly | a condition of extremity enlargement as a result of excessive growth hormone in the adult |
Adenoma | a tumor of glandular tissue |
Aldosterone | a mineralocorticoid; acts on the kidney to assist in maintaining electrolyte balance |
Amenorrhea | the absence or cessation of menses |
Androgens | hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex and responsible for male characteristics |
Cortisol | hydrocortisone; a steroid hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex |
Cortisone | a glucocorticoid; it affects carbohydrate metabolism and influences the nutrition and growth of connective tissues |
Cretinism | congenital hypothyroidism |
Diabetic retinopathy | disease of the retina of the eye, often resulting in blindness; caused by degeneration due to diabetes mellitus |
Dwarfism | a decrease in growth hormone (GH) that leads to impaired growth of all body tissues |
Estrogen | a term used to describe the hormones responsible for female characteristics |
Exophthalmos | protrusion of the eyeballs |
Giantism | a condition of overgrowth due to hyperpituitarism occurring before puberty and during the growing years |
Glucagon | a hormone secreted by the alpha cells in the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas; responsible for elevating blood glucose concentration |
Glucocorticoids | a group of steroids of the adrenal cortex that affects metabolism such as causing glycogen storage and causing an anti |
Glycogen | the form that extra sugar is stored in, primarily in the liver |
Glycosuria | the spilling of sugar into the urine; a common symptom of diabetes mellitus |
Goiter | noticeable protrusion of the thyroid gland |
Goitrogenic | goiter producing, as in foods or drugs such as turnips, cabbage and lithium |
Gonad | a sex organ; a testis or an ovary |
Gynecomastia | abnormal breast enlargement |
Hirsutism | abnormal hair on the face and body of the female |
Hydrocortisone | a steroid hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex |
Hyperglycemia | high blood sugar level |
Hypoglycemia | a low blood sugar level |
Insulin | a hormone secreted by the beta cells in the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas; responsible for glucose usage |
Islets of Langerhans | specialized cells in the pancreas that act as an endocrine gland secreting hormones, primarily insulin |
Ketoacidosis | acidosis seen in diabetes mellitus caused by overproduction of ketone bodies |
Ketones | waste products produced when tissue cells bun fats and proteins |
Lipids | fats or fat |
Mineralocorticoids | a group of steroids of the adrenal cortex that influences sodium and potassium metabolism |
Myxedema | advanced hypothyroidiam in an adult |
Panhypopituitarism | the condition in which the secretion of all anterior pituitary hormones is inadequate or absent; caused by a variety of disorders |
Polydipsia | excessive thirst |
Polyuria | excessive urination |
Precocious | premature (early) sexual development |
Progesterone | a female sex hormone produced by the ovary |
Striae | stretch marks on the skin |
Tetany | hyperirritability of muscles causing a spasm |
Thyroid storm | a sudden life |
Vasopressin | antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secreted by the posterior portion of the pituitary gland |
Virilism | masculinization; used to describe the occurrence or presence of male characteristics in a female or prepubescent male |