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SPC APII Lect Circ
SPC APII Lect BVs & Hemodynamics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Name the 3 tunics/layers of the blood vessels | Tunica Externa, Tunica Media, Tunica Interna |
| What is the location, make-up, & function of the Tunica Externa? | Outer, collagen & elastic tissue, anchors - keeps BVs in place. |
| What is the location, make-up, & function of the Tunica Media? | Middle, smooth muscle, contracts - vasodilation & vasoconstriction. |
| What is the location, make-up, & function of the Tunica Interna? | Inner, endothelial & elastic tissue, diffuses |
| List the BVs in order of their size | Arteries, Arterioles, Capillaries, Venules, Veins |
| What is the size & function of Arteries? | Large-medium-small; take blood away from heart |
| What is the size & function of Arterioles? | Small-microscopic; take blood away from heart - change blood flow by vaso-CONSTRICT/DILATE |
| What is the size & function of Capillaries? | Microscopic; gas exchange (O2/CO2) - nutrient/waste exchange |
| What is the size & function of Venules? | Microscopic-small; return blood toward heart |
| What is the size & function of Veins? | Small-medium-large; return blood toward heart (reservoirs: approx. 60% vol. contained) |
| What is blood pressure? | The pressure exerted by blood on BV walls |
| What factors contribute to blood pressure? | Cardiac output, blood volume, vascular resistance |
| What is vascular resistance? | Opposition to blood flow |
| What factors contribute to vascular resistance? | Blood viscosity, BV length, BV diameter |
| What is vasoconstriction? | Contributes to resistance |
| What brain structure regulates vasoconstriction? | Medulla Oblongata |
| What is capillary exchange? | Movement of substances (gasses, nutrients, etc) between blood & tissue |
| What basic mechanisms are included in capillary exchange? | Diffusion, vesicular transport, bulk flow |
| What is venous return? | Volume of blood returning to the heart from systemic veins |
| What is the primary mechanism of venous return? | Pressure difference from venules to R Atrium (15/0mmHg) |
| What are two other mechanisms of venous return? | Skeletal muscle pumping(contract lower extremities), respiratory pump(diaphragm movement) |
| Where is the central vascular center (CVS) located? | Medulla Oblongata |
| Define fetal circulation? | Circulatory system of a fetus, exists ONLY in the fetus & contains special structures that allow the developing fetus to exchange matl's(gas, nutrients, wastes) w/ mom's blood |
| What is the difference between the placenta & the umbilical cord? | Placenta: exchange thru this indirect connection w/mom, NO direct mixing of mat'l & fetal blood, all exchgs occur by diffusion thru capillary veins; Umbilical: pathway between placenta & fetus,2 arteries carry blood away, 1 vein carries blood to fetus. |
| What are the 3 fetal bypasses? | Ductous venosus, formen ovale, ductous arteriosus |
| Explain Ductous Venosus | Branch of umbilical vein, bypasses liver; mom's liver is doing most of that work; dumps blood into IVC, mixes O2 & deO2 |
| Explain Foramen Ovale | Opening between R&L Atria; allowing blood to flow from R Atrium to L Atrium; bypassing the lungs; no O2/deO2 exchange there |
| Explain Ductous Arteriosus | Shunt btwn pulmonary trunk & aorta; allows blood to flow from Pulm trunk to aorta; bypassing the lungs; no O2/deO2 exchange ther |
| What does the Ductous Arteriosus become after birth & where is it located? | Ligamentum Arteriousum; from the descending aorta to the pulmonary trunk |
Created by:
vgflgirl
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