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SPC APII Lect Circ

SPC APII Lect BVs & Hemodynamics

QuestionAnswer
Name the 3 tunics/layers of the blood vessels Tunica Externa, Tunica Media, Tunica Interna
What is the location, make-up, & function of the Tunica Externa? Outer, collagen & elastic tissue, anchors - keeps BVs in place.
What is the location, make-up, & function of the Tunica Media? Middle, smooth muscle, contracts - vasodilation & vasoconstriction.
What is the location, make-up, & function of the Tunica Interna? Inner, endothelial & elastic tissue, diffuses
List the BVs in order of their size Arteries, Arterioles, Capillaries, Venules, Veins
What is the size & function of Arteries? Large-medium-small; take blood away from heart
What is the size & function of Arterioles? Small-microscopic; take blood away from heart - change blood flow by vaso-CONSTRICT/DILATE
What is the size & function of Capillaries? Microscopic; gas exchange (O2/CO2) - nutrient/waste exchange
What is the size & function of Venules? Microscopic-small; return blood toward heart
What is the size & function of Veins? Small-medium-large; return blood toward heart (reservoirs: approx. 60% vol. contained)
What is blood pressure? The pressure exerted by blood on BV walls
What factors contribute to blood pressure? Cardiac output, blood volume, vascular resistance
What is vascular resistance? Opposition to blood flow
What factors contribute to vascular resistance? Blood viscosity, BV length, BV diameter
What is vasoconstriction? Contributes to resistance
What brain structure regulates vasoconstriction? Medulla Oblongata
What is capillary exchange? Movement of substances (gasses, nutrients, etc) between blood & tissue
What basic mechanisms are included in capillary exchange? Diffusion, vesicular transport, bulk flow
What is venous return? Volume of blood returning to the heart from systemic veins
What is the primary mechanism of venous return? Pressure difference from venules to R Atrium (15/0mmHg)
What are two other mechanisms of venous return? Skeletal muscle pumping(contract lower extremities), respiratory pump(diaphragm movement)
Where is the central vascular center (CVS) located? Medulla Oblongata
Define fetal circulation? Circulatory system of a fetus, exists ONLY in the fetus & contains special structures that allow the developing fetus to exchange matl's(gas, nutrients, wastes) w/ mom's blood
What is the difference between the placenta & the umbilical cord? Placenta: exchange thru this indirect connection w/mom, NO direct mixing of mat'l & fetal blood, all exchgs occur by diffusion thru capillary veins; Umbilical: pathway between placenta & fetus,2 arteries carry blood away, 1 vein carries blood to fetus.
What are the 3 fetal bypasses? Ductous venosus, formen ovale, ductous arteriosus
Explain Ductous Venosus Branch of umbilical vein, bypasses liver; mom's liver is doing most of that work; dumps blood into IVC, mixes O2 & deO2
Explain Foramen Ovale Opening between R&L Atria; allowing blood to flow from R Atrium to L Atrium; bypassing the lungs; no O2/deO2 exchange there
Explain Ductous Arteriosus Shunt btwn pulmonary trunk & aorta; allows blood to flow from Pulm trunk to aorta; bypassing the lungs; no O2/deO2 exchange ther
What does the Ductous Arteriosus become after birth & where is it located? Ligamentum Arteriousum; from the descending aorta to the pulmonary trunk
Created by: vgflgirl
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