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american government
final exam review
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Magna Carta | The first document that attempted to take away powers of the English king and give rights to the citizens |
| Social contract | An agreement between the people and the government where some natural rights are lost in exchange for protection |
| Preamble | The introduction of the Constitution that states the purposes of the government |
| Federalism | Division of powers between a national government and several regional governments. |
| Gerrymandering | The redrawing of electoral district lines to gain voting power for a certain group and weaken power for another group |
| Bill | A proposed law that is being considered by Congress |
| Expressed powers | Powers that are written and found in the Constitution |
| Cabinet | The 15 executive departments that help the President carry out the laws of the U.S. |
| Supreme Court | The highest court in the judicial system |
| Precedent | Court decision in a case that stands as an example to be followed future similar cases |
| Evolutionary theory | Theory that as primitive families gathered in larger groups the heads of the families became the leaders and formed a sovereign state. |
| Dictatorship | A form of government in which the leader has absolute power and authority |
| Representative democracy/government | Form of government where the people elect leaders to make the laws and decisions for all. |
| Great/Connecticut Compromise | The agreement at the Constitutional Convention that established a bicameral legislature with equal representation and representation by population |
| Jus soli | Citizenship established by being born in the U.S. or any land considered to be part of the U.S. |
| Boycott | Form of non-violent protest by refusing to buy or sell certain goods |
| Bicameral | A legislature made up of two houses |
| House of Representatives | You must be 25 years old, a U.S. citizen, and have lived in the U.S. for 7 years |
| Vice President | President of the Senate and casts the deciding vote in case of a tie. |
| Miranda vs. Arizona | Supreme Court case that decided any person place under arrest has the right to remain silent |
| Felony | A serious crime which usually carries a prison sentence of one or more years upon conviction |