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Fall 2013 Vocab list
Environmental Science Final Exam
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Producer | Any organism that absorbs the sun's energy and converts it into food. |
| Omnivore | A kind of animal that eats either other animals or plants. |
| Herbivore | An animal that feeds on plants. |
| Carnivore | An animal that feeds on other animals. |
| Detritivore | An animal that feeds on dead organic material. |
| Symbiosis | A close relationship between two or more different species. |
| Commensalism | A class of relationship between two organisms where one organism benefits without affecting the other. |
| Mutualism | A class of relationship between two organisms where both organisms benefit. |
| Parasitism | A class of relationship between two organisms in which one receives benefits from the other by causing damage to it. |
| Predation | One organism kills and consumes another. |
| Species | A class of individuals having some common characteristics or qualities. |
| Population | A summation of all the organisms of the same group or species. |
| Communities | A group of people living in the same place or having a particular characteristic in common. |
| Ecosystem | A biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment. |
| Biosphere | The part of the earth and its atmosphere in which living organisms exist or that is capable of supporting life. |
| Biotic | The living factors in a community. |
| Secondary Succession | The concept of an ecosystem reviving itself after all or a portion has been damaged. |
| Pioneer Species | Species which colonize previously uncolonized land. |
| Abiotic | The non-living factors in an ecosystem. |
| Primary Succession | The gradual growth of an ecosystem from bare rock, almost nothing. |
| Trophic Level | The position of an organism in a food chain. |
| Limiting Factors | A factor that controls a process, such as an organism growth or species population, size, or distribution. |
| Food Chain | the sequence of who eats whom in a biological community (an ecosystem) to obtain nutrition. |
| Food Web | Consists of all the food chains in a single ecosystem. |
| Carrying Capacity | The maximum number of individuals that an area's resources can sustain. |
| Consumption Crisis | When a resource is being used more quickly than it is being replaced or replenished. |
| Emigration | Inhabitants moving out of an area. |
| Immigration | Inhabitants moving into an area. |
| Biotic Potential | The maximum reproductive capacity of a population under optimum environmental conditions. |
| Agricultural Revolution | A period of agricultural development between the 18th century and the end of the 19th century, which saw a massive and rapid increase in agricultural productivity and vast improvements in farm technology. |
| Coal | A fossil fuel formed from the decomposition of organic materials that have been subjected to geologic heat and pressure over millions of years. |
| Hydroelectricity | The term referring to electricity generated by hydropower |
| Nuclear Fusion | The combining of lightweight atomic nuclei to form a heavier particles. |
| Biomass | Wood, solid waste, or crops used to produce energy. |
| Nuclear Fission | The breaking of the bonds holding together subatomic particles. |
| Watershed | An area of land from which water flows into a river. |
| Surface Water | Water found in lakes, rivers, and streams. Water found on the surface of the earth. |
| Recharge Zone | An area of land through which water percolates to be stored as groundwater. |
| Aquifer | Underground rock formations that hold water. |
| Reservoir | Artificial lake created by building a dam. |
| Non-point Pollution | Water pollution that washes into storm sewers from many places, such as parking lots and lawns. |
| Eutrophication | The process by which nutrients increase in a lake, while oxygen levels decrease. |
| Pathogen | Bacterium, viruses, or parasitic worms that causes disease. |
| Desalinization | The process of removing salt from salt water to make fresh water. |
| Bioaccumulation | A process by which increasing amounts of toxins are stored in the bodies of organisms as toxins move up a food chain. |
| Overgrazing | Allowing so many domestic animals to use rangeland that in cannot renew itself. |
| Reclamation | Restoring land that has been mined. |
| Wilderness | Area where the land and its ecosystem are protected. |
| Selective Cutting | The method of harvesting trees in which only the mature trees are removed. |
| Deforestation | Clearing trees without replacing them. |
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SammyGAdawg
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