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Medical Terms Final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| _____ is a disease of the respiratory system caused by allergic reaction or hypersensitivity in the airways. | Asthma |
| The C in COPD stands for _____. | chronic |
| _____ failure occurs when the respiratory system cannot keep pace with the body's demand for oxygen. | Respiratory |
| _____ is the volume that remains in the lungs at all times. | Residual volume |
| Every cell in the body requires _____. | oxygen |
| Hypoxemia is _____.. | deficiency of oxygen in the blood |
| _____ is a normal lipoprotein that reduces the surface tension within the alveoli. | Surfactant |
| An excessive inhalation and exhalation caused by decreased alveolar CO2 levels is termed_____. | hyperventilation |
| _____ is also called black lung disease. | Anthracosis |
| _____ is an anatomic alteration of lungs characterized by air space enlargement distal to terminal bronchioles and destructive changes to alveolar walls. | Emphysema |
| _____ is a needle aspiration of intrapleural space for fluid or air withdrawal | Thoracentesis |
| _____ is commonly known as a sore throat | Pharyngitis |
| ________ is the medical term for the nostrils. | Nares |
| Rapid, deep respirations with no pauses in between, known as “air hunger,” are called_____. | Kussmaul respirations |
| Select the word part meaning breathing. | spiro- |
| The word part atel- means _____. | imperfect |
| Which of the following is characterized as rhythmic waxing and waning of respirations? | Cheyne-Stokes respiration |
| Which word part means mucus? | all of the above |
| Which of the following is a tube that conducts air from the larynx to the bronchial tree | trachea |
| Which organ plays a part in both the respiratory system AND the digestive system? | pharynx |
| Left and right _____ veins empty lymph into the bloodstream | subclavian |
| The _____ pulp of the spleen is active in the immune response. | white |
| The initial response to antigen exposure is called the _____ response. | primary |
| Antibodies that develop in response to the presence of antigens produce _____ immunity. | active |
| Fat droplets in lymph are called_______. | chyle |
| HIV attacks _____ cells. | helper T |
| _____ provide the foundation for immunity to diseases after their first occurrence. | Memory cells |
| _____ immunity develops through immunoglobulin injections. | Artificially induced passive |
| The transfer of antibodies or immunoglobulins from one person to another produces _____ immunity | passive |
| _____ is a diagnostic procedure allowing for the examination of lymphatics following injection of radioactive tracer. | Scintigraphy |
| _____ is a substance produced in the body that reacts to an antigen. | Antibody |
| Lymphatic structures in the intestinal wall called _______ carry recently digested fats from the small intestine to the thoracic duct. | lacteals |
| Lack of resistance and disposition to disease development is called _____. | susceptibility |
| Lymph node clusters are found in which region? | all of the above |
| Select the word part meaning lymph nodes. | lymphadeno- |
| Which of the following is a common infection in AIDS patients? | all of the above |
| Where can you find the axillary nodes of the lymphatic system? | In the armpit |
| Which of the following terms refers to an abnormal overreaction to an allergen? | hypersensitivity |
| Which of the following is an allergy to seasonal plant allergens? | hay fever |
| Which word part means nose? | rhin- |
| Which of the following is a sign or symptom of pancreatitis? | all of the above |
| The _____ is a smooth, transparent membrane lining the abdominal cavity. | peritoneum |
| _____ are inorganic elements that play important roles in physiological systems. | Minerals |
| The entire process of taking in food and swallowing it is termed _____. | ingestion |
| Which of the following connects the oral cavity to the stomach? | esophagus |
| _____ refers to the formation or presence of stones in the gallbladder or bile duct. | Cholelithiasis |
| _____ are hair-like extensions on the intestinal wall. | Villi and Microvilli |
| The barium _____ exam is a series of x-rays taken following the ingestion of barium sulfate. | swallow |
| A(n) _____ hernia results when the intestinal organ is not reducible and the blood flow is interrupted. | strangulated |
| Bile is composed of _____. | all of the above |
| The membrane that lines the abdominal cavity is the _____. | peritoneum |
| Growling stomach and intestinal sounds often heard are called _____. | borborygmi |
| _____ malnutrition is a condition resulting from an inadequate diet. | Primary |
| Select the abbreviation meaning rule out. | R/O |
| _____ sign refers to pain when pressure is applied over the McBurney point. | Aaron |
| The act of chewing is called __________. | mastication |
| The cystic duct and common hepatic duct merge to form the _____ | common bile duct |
| The portion of the large intestine that empties into the rectum is the. | anus |
| Which of the following is a fat-soluble vitamin? | E |
| Which word part means milk? | galacto- |
| _____ in males is characterized by the external urethral orifice on the ventral surface of the penis instead of at the tip | Hypospadias |
| A creatinine _____ test is used as an index of the glomerular filtration rate. | clearance |
| Diabetes _____ is a disorder resulting from ADH deficiency. | insipidus |
| _____ are folds within the bladder's inner mucosa that allow the organ to expand while storing urine | Rugae |
| A _____ is a circular muscle surrounding an orifice. | sphincter |
| _____ are cone-shaped divisions in the medulla that contain the renal tubules. | Pyramids |
| _____ is a chronic bladder condition in which the bladder connective tissue is inflamed. | IC |
| _____ is a progression of rhythmic, wave-like contractions. | Peristalsis |
| Excessive excretion of urine is _________. | polyuria |
| High specific gravity of urine may be due to which of the following? | uncontrolled diabetes mellitus |
| _____ kidney disease is an inherited disease in which normal kidney tissue becomes replaced with grape-like cysts. | Polycystic |
| Renal failure may progress to _____. | ESRD AND ESRF |
| Select the word part meaning pus. | cysti- |
| The E in ESWL stands for ______ | extracorporeal |
| _____ is pus in the urine. | Pyuria |
| _____ is surgical removal of the kidney. | Nephrectomy |
| _____ is the examination and analysis of urine. | UA |
| The bladder is _____ to the symphysis pubis. | posterior |
| The tips of the renal pyramids form the _____. | papillae |
| The word part azo- means _____. | nitrogen |
| _____ are fibrous tumors found in the uterus. | Fibroids |
| _____ cysts are fluid-filled sacs forming on or near ovaries. | Ovarian |
| DES is the abbreviation for _______. | diethylstilbestrol |
| Each testis contains a tightly coiled tube attached to the posterior border called the _____. | epididymis |
| _____ is a disorder in which the spermatic cord rotates, producing ischemia of the testis. | Testicular torsion |
| _____ is the permanent cessation of menstrual cycles. | Menopause |
| It is recommended that a baseline mammogram be taken between ages _____. | 35 and 39 |
| _____ refers to an accumulation of serous fluid in the testis. | Hydrocele |
| Inflammation of the prostate is termed _____. | prostatitis |
| _____ is the leading cause of PID in women. | Chlamydia |
| The external male genitalia include which of the following? | all of the above |
| The female external genitals are called the _____. | vulva |
| The surgical removal of a breast is termed _____. | mastectomy |
| Select the word part meaning uterine tube. | salping- |
| Select the word part meaning uterus. | metra- |
| The capacitation process allows sperm to fertilize an oocyte. | T OR F |
| The _____ is a subcutaneous pad of adipose tissue encasing the junction of the pubic bone in females | mons pubis |
| The prepuce is___________. | the foreskin of the penis |
| What is the name of the finger-like projections at the opening of the uterine tubes? | fimbriae |
| Which of the following birth control strategies is implanted in the uterus to prevent pregnancy? | IUD |
| _____ are basic units that combine to create a genotype. | Genes |
| An example of a malignant tumor of placental tissue is ____. | choriocarcinoma |
| _____ control(s) a particular trait, and their effects appear in the offspring. | Dominant genes |
| A (n)________is a surgical incision made in the vagina to enlarge the opening and facilitate childbirth | episiotomy AND vaginoperineotomy |
| An acute infectious disease that is usually contracted through a penetrating wound is called _____. | tetanus |
| Human somatic cells each contain _____ chromosomes | 46 |
| ___________ is also called Hirschsprung disease. | congenital megacolon |
| ______ is premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall prior to delivery. | Abruptio placentae |
| _____ is a congenital heart defect with a combination of four abnormalities. | Tetralogy of Fallot |
| Select the word part meaning vulva. | episio- |
| The individual with ______ has a single female sex chromosome, resulting in an underdeveloped uterus, vagina, and breasts, and infertility. | Turner syndrome |
| _____ is the softening of the lower segment of the uterus that occurs about the sixth week of pregnancy. | Hegar sign |
| _____ is the study of abnormal development and congenital malformations. | Teratology |
| Select the word part meaning ankle. | talo- |
| Select the abbreviation meaning last menstrual period. | LMP |
| The period of development within the uterus is called _______________. | gestation |
| Select the word part meaning nucleus. | karyo- |
| The membranous sac that forms the umbilical blood vessels is called the _____ | allantois |
| The person afflicted with _____ usually has an extra X chromosome. | Klinefelter syndrome |
| The stage at which the _____ becomes imbedded in the lining of the uterus is termed implantation. | blastocyst |
| _____ disorder is a form of behavior and thinking observed in young children in which the child seems to concentrate upon herself without regard to other environmental influences. | Autistic |
| _____ dyskinesia is a condition characterized by involuntary movements of the tongue and facial muscles, as a result of long-term treatment with antipsychotic drugs. | Tardive |
| ________developmental disorders are characterized by severe, persistent, and all-encompassing impairment in social, communication, and behavior development. | Pervasive |
| Adults with a pervasive pattern of self-centeredness, sense of entitlement , and lack of empathy for others have which personality disorder? | narcissistic |
| _____ are sexual deviations such as exhibitionism, fetishism, and pedophilia. | Paraphilias |
| A_____ is a professional who studies and/or treats human behavior, mental states, and experiences. | psychologist |
| _____ is an exaggerated sense of physical and emotional well-being that is usually not appropriate to the situation. | Euphoria |
| _____ is a training technique that enables an individual to gain some voluntary control over autonomic body function | Biofeedback |
| _____ is sensory experience of something not actually existing in the external world. | Hallucination |
| GAD stands for generalized ______disorder. | anxiety |
| _____ is the disorder in which two or more distinct personalities are present in the same person. | Dissociative identity disorder |
| _____ is treatment of mental disorders by psychological means such as verbal or non-verbal communication with patients. | Psychotherapy |
| Sleep disturbances, flashbacks, and depression that are displayed after a psychologically traumatic event are known collectively as | post-traumatic stress disorder |
| _____ therapy utilizes behavior modification techniques in which a person's desirable responses are positively reinforced while undesirable behaviors are negatively rewarded. | Behavior |
| Select the word part meaning mind. | thym- |
| Select the word part meaning fear. | -phobia |
| Select the word part meaning words. | log- |
| Which category in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders refers to a disorder with few or no symptoms with minor impairment? | MILD |
| Which word part means separated from? | ap- |
| Which word part means compulsion? | -mania |
| Drugs that decrease the force of cardiac contraction are termed _____. | Inotropics |
| _____ are any substances other than food or water that are taken for medicinal purposes. | Drugs |
| _____ reduce or relieve nasal congestion and swelling. | Decongestants |
| A _____ is a medicine that treats symptoms only. | palliative |
| _____ agents hinder or arrest bacterial growth. | Bacteriostatic |
| Bacteriostatic | side effect |
| A _____ is a book or database that lists drugs used in medical practice and describes their composition, preparation, use, dosages, effects, and side effects. | pharmacopeia |
| Diuretic drugs _____. | increase urine output |
| The person trained and licensed to dispense medicinal drugs and advises on their use is a _____. | pharmacist |
| _______ drugs are used to induce or stimulate labor. | Oxytocic |
| _____ is an addictive substance derived from opium. | Morphine |
| Which of the following drug delivery methods allows for rapid delivery and 100% bioavailability? | intravenous route |
| Select the abbreviation meaning registered pharmacist. | RPh |
| _____ reduce anxiety and tension to calm a person without decreasing consciousness. | Tranquilizers |
| The _____ enforces the Controlled Substances Act. | DEA |
| Select the abbreviation meaning prescription. | Rx |
| The PDR is published yearly and lists patient information approved by the _____. | FDA |
| The _____ route provides easy administration because the drug is applied to the body surface. | percutaneous |
| What does the abbreviation PDR stand for? | Physicians' Desk Reference |
| Physicians' Desk Reference | algesi- |
| Abnormal tissue development is termed _______. | dysplasia |
| A(n) _____ biopsy removes just part of a skin cancer growth | incisional |
| A benign cancer of fatty tissue is called a_______. | lipoma |
| _______is a type of skin cancer that forms in melanocytes. | Melanoma |
| A _______is an x-ray of the breast | mammogram |
| Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is abbreviated as_____. | NHL |
| Cancer that forms in the flat cells that form the skin surface is called ______ cell carcinoma. | squamous |
| In a(n) ________ biopsy, a sharp, hollow tool is used to remove a circle of tissue from the abnormal area. | punch |
| ___________ is chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. | Crohn disease |
| Removal of the breast tumor and a small amount of normal tissue surrounding the tumor is termed________. | lumpectomy |
| AFP is the abbreviation for _____ -fetoprotein | alpha |
| Risk factors for cancer include_____. | genes |
| A physician who specializes in cancer is a(n) _____. | oncologist |
| _________are genes that in certain circumstances can transform a normal cell into an abnormal tumor cell. | Oncogenes |
| Select the abbreviation for biopsy | Bx |
| Select the word part that means recent. | neo- |
| Which word part means mucus? | myxo- |
| Which word part means mucus? | transitional cell cancer |
| Uncontrolled division of abnormal body cells forming abnormal tissue is called _____. | cancer |
| Which word part means difficult? | none of the above |
| Inflammation of a bursa is called_____. | bursitis |
| The inability to sweat in the elderly can lead to_______ . | heatstroke |
| The use of a laser beam to treat retinal disorders is termed______. | photocoagulation |
| Another term for multi-infarct dementia is ________dementia. | vascular |
| The branch of medicine concerned with the health care of the elderly is________. | geriatrics |
| _________ disease is a progressive degenerative disease of the brain and the most common intellectual impairment in older adults. | Alzheimer |
| Choose the word part that means deficient or below normal. | hypo- |
| Deficiency is indicated by the word part _______. | -penia |
| Anorexia, which is _______, is common in the elderly population. | poor appetite |
| Severe chest pain that radiates from the heart to the left shoulder and down the arm is termed _____ pectoris | angina |
| Increased fluid pressure in the eye that produces defects in the field of vision and eventual blindness is _________. | glaucoma |
| _____is infrequent or difficult bowel movements due to decreased motility of the intestines. | Constipation |
| _______ is progressive enlargement of the prostate gland characterized by hesitancy in urination, post-urination dribbling, and decreased force of the urinary stream. | Benign prostatic hyperplasia |
| _______ is a general term used to describe lung disorders that result in respiratory failure. | COPD |
| _______ is a general term used to describe lung disorders that result in respiratory failure. | Osteomalacia |
| The clinical term for liver spots is _____. | senile lentigines |
| The loss of muscle tissue specifically associated with aging is termed _______. | sarcopenia |
| The underlying structural brain disease that causes a progressive loss of cognitive and intellectual functions is known as________. | dementia |
| Which statement defines gouty arthritis? | sodium urate crystal deposits in the joints, causing inflammation and pain |
| Which of the following is a treatment for constipation? | increasing dietary fiber and increasing fluid intake |
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