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muscles
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| muscle that has the ability to shorten with force. | Contractility |
| dome-shaped muscle | Diaphragm |
| contactility | the ability of sketeal muscle to shorten with force |
| Excitability | the capacity of skeletal muscle to resond to a stimulus |
| extensibility | the ablility to be stretched |
| Elasticity | ability to recoil to their original resting length after they have been stretched |
| epimysium | each skeletal musclee is surrouned by a connective tissue sheath |
| flascia | another connective tissue located outside the epimysium. It surrounds and separates muscles |
| Perimysium | surrounded by loose connective tissue |
| fibers | fasciculi are composed of single muscle cells |
| Endomysium | each fiber is surrounded by a connective tissue sheath |
| myofibrils | a threadlike structure that extends from one end of the fiber to the other |
| actin myofilaments | thin myofilaments |
| myosin myofilaments | thick myofilaments |
| sarcomeres | the sarcomere is the basic strustural and functional unity of the muscle |
| resting membrane potential | the change of different across the membrane. |
| action potential | the brief reversal back of the charge |
| motor neurons | are nerve cells that carry action potentials to skeletal muscle fibers |
| neuromuscular junction | axons enter the muscles and branch. each branxh that connects to the muscle forms |
| External intercostals | elevate the ribs during inspiration |
| Internal intercostals | contract during forced expiration. |
| Diaphragm | accomplishes quiet breathing. Dome-shaped muscle. Aids in breathing. |
| linea alba | This tendinous area of the abdominal wall |
| Tendinous inscriptions | cross the rectus abdominis at three or more locations, causing the abdominal wall of a well-muscled person to appear segmented. |
| Trapezius | rotates scapula |
| Serratus anterior | pulls scapula anteriorly |
| pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi muscles | The arm is attached to the thorax |
| Pectoralis major | adducts and flexes the arm |
| Latissimus dorsi | medially rotates, adducts, and powerfully extends the arm. |
| Deltoid | attaches the humerus to the scapula and clavicle, and is the major abductor of the upper limb. |
| Triceps brachii | extends the forearm. Occupies the posterior compartment of the arm. |
| Biceps brachii | flexes the forearm. Occupies the anterior compartment of the arm. |
| Brachialis | flexes forearm |
| Brachioradialis | flexes and supinates the forearm. |
| Retinaculum | strong band of fibrous connective tissue that covers the flexor and extensor tendons and holds them in place around the wrist so that they do not bowstring during muscle contraction. |
| Flexor carpi | flexes the wrist. |
| Extensor carpi | extends the wrist |
| Flexor digitorum | flexes the fingers |
| Extensor digitorum | extends the fingers. |
| intrinsic hand muscles | 19 hand muscles |
| Gluteus maximus | buttocks. Contributes most of the mass of the buttocks |
| Gluteus medius | hip muscle and common injection site. |
| Quadriceps femoris | extends the leg; anterior thigh muscles |
| Sartorius | flexes the thigh |
| Hamstring muscles | flexes the leg and extends the thigh. |
| Gastrocnemius and soleus | Flex the foot and toes. |
| peroneus | The lateral muscles of the leg |
| intrinsic foot | 20 muscles located within the foot |
| sliding filament mechanism | the sliding of actin myofilaments past myosin myofilaments during contraction |
| muscle | is a contraction oj an entire muscle in response to a stimulus that causes the action potential in one or more muscle fibers |
| threshold | a muscle fiber will not resond to stimulus untl that stimulus reaches a level |
| all or none response | which point the muscle fiber will contract maximally |
| lag phase | the time between application os a stimulus to a motor meuron and the beginning of a contraction |
| contraction phase | the time of contraction |
| relaxation phase | the time during which the muscle relaxes |
| tetany | where the muscle remains contracted without relaxing |
| recruitment | the increase in the number of motor units being activated |
| APT(adenosine triphosphate) | is needed for energy for muscle contraction |
| APT | is produced in the mitochondria |
| APT | is short lived and unstale. it degenerates to the more stable |
| APD | plus phosphate |
| creatine phosphate | when at rest they cant stockpile atp but they can store another high energy molecule |
| anaerobic respirartion | without oxgyn |
| aerobic respiration | with oxygen |
| oxygen debt | is the amount of oxgyn needed in a chemical reaction to covert lactic acid to glueclose and to replenish the depletrd |
| muscle fatigue | results when atp is used during muscle contractions faster than it can be produced |
| isometric | the length of the muscle does not change |
| isotonic | the amount pf tension produced by the muscle is constant during contractions |
| muscle tone | muscle tone refers to constant tension produce by muscles of the body for long periods of tinme |
| fast twich muscle | contracts quickley and fatigue quickly, |
| slow twich fibers | contract more slowly and more resistant to fatigue. |
| origin | the most stationary end of the muscle |
| insertion | the end of the muscle undergoing the greastest movement |
| belly | the portion of the muscle between the organ and the insertion |
| synergist | muscles that work together to accomplish specific movements |
| antagonists | muscles thst work in oppostioon to one another |
| prime mover | among a group of synergists if one muscle plays the major role in accoplishing the ddesire of movement |
Created by:
dallaswedd
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