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skeletal system
skull
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| long bone | length is greater than width Function: acts as levers to be pulled by muscles and control movement |
| short bone | roughly equal in length, width and thickness. found in areas where limited movement is required. example: carpels and tarsels |
| flat bone | thin or curved bones example: ribs, scapula, sternum and bones of cranium shape is related to how much muscle is attached and where it is attached. function: protects inner organs |
| irregular bone | irregular shapes and projections example: vertebrae, facial bones, bones of hip extensions are for muscle attachment |
| skeleton | 206 bones axial:lies on axis of body appendicular: upper and loser limbs, scapula, clavicle, coxal bones |
| Skull | made up of cranial bones and facial bones cranial: protect brain and stabilise position facial: protect sensory structures and allows for muscle attachment |
| coronal suture | joins frontal bone with two parietal bones |
| sagittal suture | joins two parietal bones |
| lambdoid suture | joins occipital bone with two parietal bones |
| squamous suture | joins temporal bone with parietal bone |
| frontal bone | forms forehead and upper orbit of eye |
| frontal bone: orbital plate | forms superior part of orbit of eye, protects eye |
| frontal bone: supraorbital margin (brow ridge) | protects eye |
| frontal bone: supraorbital foramen | groove that nerves of blood vessels pass through |
| frontal bone: frontal sinuses | openings in frontal bone filled with mucus membrane |
| parietal bones | make up majority of roof and sides of cranium |
| temporal bone: zygomatic arch | formed by temporal and parietal bones zygomatic process of temporal bone joins with temporal process of zygomatic bone |
| temporal bone: carotid canal | opening that the carotid artery passes through artery that carries all blood TO brain, head and face |
| temporal bone:jugular foramen | opening that the jugular vein passes through brings all blood BACK from brain, head and face |
| temporal bone: external auditory canal/meatus | opening into middle and inner ear |
| temporal bone:mastoid process | area for muscle attachment |
| temporal bone: styloid process | projection for muscle attachment |
| occipital bone: foramen magnum | opening that allows brain to join with spinal cord |
| occipital bone: occipital condyles | where the occipital bone articulates with the atlas of he vertical column |
| sphenoid bone: two sphenoid sinuses | drain into nasal cavity |
| sphenoid bone: greater and lesser wings | greater is back and larger. lesser is front |
| sphenoid bone: optic canal/ foramen | allows optic nerve to pass through |
| sphenoid bone: foramen rotundum, foramen oval and foramen spinosum | openings for cranial nerves and blood vessels to pass through |
| foramen lucerum | opening between sphenoid and temporal bone opening that carotid canal opens to |
| ethmoid bone: crista galli | ridge that sticks up projection that meninges attaches to (help stabilise brain) |
| ethmoid bone:cribriform plate | flat plate on either side of crista galli contains olfactory foramina - tiny holes that olfactory nerves go through |
| ethmoid bone: perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone | forms part of nasal septum (bottom formed by vomer) |
Created by:
britneybarry
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