Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Chapter 6 Stack
Muscles
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Four major functional characteristics of muscles | Contractility, excitability, extensibility, elasticity |
| Connective tissue sheath around each skeletal muscle | Epimysium |
| Connective tissue sheath surrounding each muscle fiber | Endomysium |
| Basic structural unity of the muscle | Sarcomere |
| Z line (disc), I band, A band, H zone, M line | Make up a sarcomere |
| Acetylcholine | Neurotransmitter |
| Acetylcholinesterase | Breaks down Acetylcholine |
| Muscle twitch | A contraction of an entire muscle in response to a stimulus |
| Lag phase | The time between the application of a stimulus to a motor neuron and the beginning of a contraction |
| Contraction phase | Time of contraction |
| Relaxation phase | Time during which the muscle relaxes |
| Tetany | Where the muscle remains contracted without relaxing |
| Recruitment | The increase in number of motor units being activated |
| Anaerobic Respiration | Without oxygen |
| Aerobic Respiration | With oxygen |
| Muscle fatigue | Results when ATP is used during muscle contraction faster than it can be produced |
| Isometric | (Equal Distance) length of the muscle does not change |
| Isotonic | (Equal Tension) amount of tension dows not change |
| Fast-twitch/slow-twitch | Contract quickly and fatigue quickly/contract slowly and are more resistant to fatigue |
| Origin, Insertion, and Belly | Stationary end of the muscle, end of the muscle undergoing the greatest movement, and the portion of the muscle in the middle |
| Synergists and Antagonists | Muscles that work together and muscles that work in opposition |
| Occipitofrontalis | Raises Eyebrows |
| Orbicularis Oculi | Closes eyelids |
| Orbicularis Oris | Puckers lips |
| Buccinator | Flattens cheeks |
| Zygomaticus | Smiling muscle |
| Levator Labii Superoris | Sneering muscle |
| Depressor Anguli Oris | Frowning muscle |
| Mastication (chewing muscles) | Temporalis, Masseter, and two pairs of pterygoids |
| Two types of tongue muscles | Intristic and Extrinsic |
| Intristic tongue muscles | Changes the shape of the tongue |
| Extrinsic tongue muscles | Moves tongue |
| Neck muscle that rotates and extends the head | Sternocleidomastoid |
| Torticollis | Twisted neck; wry neck |
| Nomenclature | Muscles that have names that are descriptive according to their location, size, orientation of fibers, shape, origin, insertion, and function. |
| Muscles that move the vertebral column | Erector Spinae |
| Thoracic muscles | Muscles that move the thorax |
| Muscles involved in breathing | External intercostals – elevate the ribs during inspiration. Internal intercostals – contract during forced expiration |
| Diaphragm | Dome shaped muscle that accomplishes quiet breathing |
| Linea Alba | Tendinous area of the abdominal wall consisting of white connective tissue |
| Rectus Abdominus | Muscle on each side of the linea alba |
| Tendinous Inscriptions | Cross the rectus abdominus at three or more different locations |
| Scapular movements | Trapezius and Serratus Anterior |
| Trapezius | Rotates scapula |
| Serratus Anterior | Pulls scapula anteriorly |
| Arm movements | Pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, deltoid |
| Pectoralis major | Adducts and flexes the arm |
| Latissimus dorsi | Medially rotates, adducts, and powerfully extends the arm (swimmers muscles) |
| Deltoid | Attaches the humerus to the scapula and clavicle |
| Forearm movements | Triceps brachii, Biceps branchii, Brachialis, Brachioradialis |
| Triceps branchii | Extends the forearm; occupies the posterior compartment of the arm |
| Biceps branchii | Flexes the forearm; occupies the anterior compartment of the arm |
| Brachialis | Flexes forearm |
| Brachioradialis | Flexes and supinates the forearm |
| Wrist and finger movements | Retinaculum (bracelet, Flexor carpi, Extensor carpi, Flexor digitorum, Extensor digitorum |
| Retinaculum (bracelet) | Strong band of fibrous connective tissue that covers the flexor and extensor tendons and holds them in place around the wrist |
| Flexor carpi | Flexes the wrist |
| Extensor carpi | Extends the wrist |
| Flexor digitorum | Flexes the fingers |
| Extensor digitorum | Extends the fingers |
| Intrinsic hand muscles | 19 muscles located in the hand |
| Interossi muscles | Located between the metacarpals, are responsible for abduction and adduction of the fingers |
| Thigh movements | Gluteous Maximus, gluteous minimus |
| Gluteous Maximus | Buttocks |
| Gluteous Minimus | Hp muscle and common injection site |
| Leg movements | Hamstring muscles |
| Hamstring muscles | Posterior thigh muscles |
| Ankle and Toe movements | Gastrocnemius and soleus |
| Gastrocnemius and Soleus | Form the calf muscle; join to form the calcaneal tendon (Achilles tendon); flex the foot and toes |
| Peroneus muscles | Everters; aid in plantar flexion; lateral muscles of the leg |
| Intrinsic foot muscles | Flex extend, abduct, and adduct the toes |
| Lower limb consists of | Gluteous maximus, gluteous minimus, quadriceps femoris, sartorius, hamstring, gastrocnemius and soleus |
| Trunk muscles | Erector spinae, thoracic muscles, external and internal intercostals, rectus abdominus, and diaphragm |
| Biceps femoris | Posterior leg muscles |
| Rectus femoris | Anterior leg muscles |
Created by:
xxtoesxx