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Anatomy
Anatomy Chpt 8-12
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Function of Epicranius | Helps raise eyebrow |
| Function of Orbicularis Oculi | Closes eye |
| Function of Zygomaticus | Rasies corner of mouth |
| Function of Platysma | Draws angle of mouth downward |
| Function of masseter | Elevates mandible |
| Function of Temporalis | Elevates mandible |
| Function of sternocleidomastoid | Pulls head to one side, pulls head towards chest or raises sternum |
| Function of splenius capitis | Rotates head, bends head to one side or brings head into upright position |
| Function of trapezius | Rotates scapula & raises arm |
| Function of rhomboidus major | Raises and adducts scapula |
| Function of Levator Scapula | Elevates scapula |
| Pectoralis minor | Pulls scapula anteriorly and downward |
| Function of coracobrachialis | Flexes and adducts arm |
| Function of pectoralis major | Pulls arm anteriorly & across chest, rotates humerus and adducts arm (CATEGORIZED WITH ARM) |
| Function of teres major | Extends humerus & adducts arm |
| Function of Latissimus dorsi | Extends and adducts arm. Rotates humerus |
| Function of supraspinatus | Adducts arm |
| Function of deltoid | Adducts arm, extends or flexes humerus |
| Function of subscapula | Rotates arm medially |
| Function of infraspinatus | Rotates arm laterally |
| Function of teres minor | Rotates arm laterally |
| Function of biceps brachii | Flexes forearm at elbow and rotates hand laterally |
| Function of Brachialis | Flexes forearm at elbow |
| Function of Brachioradialis | Flexes forearm at elbow |
| Function of biceps brachii | flexes forearm at elbow and rotates hand laterally |
| Function of triceps | Straightens arm |
| Function of Brachii | Flexes forearm at elbow and rotates hand laterally |
| Function of function of triceps | Straightens arm |
| Function of brachii | Helps flex the forearm allowing the elbow to bend |
| Function of supinator | Rotates forearm laterally |
| Function of pronator teres | Rotates forearm medially |
| Function of flexor carpi radialis | Flexes and adducts wrist |
| Function of flexor carpi ulnaris | flexes and adducts wrist |
| Function of extensor carpi radialis | Extends wrist and adducts hand |
| Function of extensor carpi ulnaris | Extends and adducts wrist |
| Function of external oblique | Tenses abdominal wall and compresses abdominal contents |
| Function of Internal Oblique | Tenses abdominal wall and compresses abdominal contents |
| Function of transverse abdominis | Tenses abdomina wall and compresses abdominal contents |
| Function of Rectus abdominis | Tenses abdominal wall and compresses abdominal contents |
| Function of Psoas major | Flexes thigh |
| Function of Gluteus maximus | Extends thigh |
| Function of Gluteus medius | Abducts and rotates thigh medially |
| Function of Gluteus minimus | Abducts and rotates thigh medially |
| Function of adductor longus | Adducts, flexes, and rotates thigh laterally |
| Function of adductor magnus | Adducts, extends, and rotates thigh laterally |
| Function of sartorius | Flexes leg and thigh, abducts and rotates thigh laterally and rotates leg medially |
| Function of biceps femoris | Flexes leg,extends thigh |
| Function of semitendinosus | Flexes leg, extends thigh |
| Function of simimembranosus | Flexes leg, extends thigh |
| Function of Rectus femoris | Extends leg at knee |
| Function of Vastus lateralis | Extends leg at knee |
| Function of vastus medialis | Extends leg at knee |
| Function of vastus intermedius | Extends leg at knee |
| Function of Tibialis anterior | Dorsiflexion and inversion of foot |
| Function of extensor digitorum longus | Dorsiflexion and eversion of foot |
| Function of tibialis posterior | Plantar flexion and inversion of foot |
| Function of flexor digitorum longus | PLantar flexion and inversion of foot, flexion of the lateral toes |
| Function of gastrocnemius | Plantar flexion of foot and flexion of leg at knee |
| MUSCLE INSERTION: Interbercular grooves of humerus | Pectoralis major |
| Greater tubercle of humerus | Supraspinatus |
| Lesser tubercle of humerus | Infraspinatus |
| Deltoid tuberosity of humerus | Deltoid |
| Radial tuberosity of radius | Biceps brachii |
| Coronoid process of ulna | Brachialis |
| Greater trochanter of femur | Gluteus medius |
| Lesser trochanter of femur | Psoas major, iliacus |
| Tibial tuberosity | Tibia |
| SPECIFIC MUSCLES: Rotator cuff muscles | Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis |
| Layer sequences of muscles of abdominal wall | External oblique, internal oblique,transversus abdomonis, rectus abdomonis |
| Hamstring muscles and their common origin | Biceps femoris: Ischial tuberosity and posterior surface of femur. Semitendinosus: Ischial tuberosity Semimembranosus: Ischial tuberosity |
| Origin & insertion: Biceps Brachii | Coracoid provess and tubercle above glenoid cavity of scapula. Insertion: Radial tuberosity of radius |
| Origin & insertion: Triceps brachii | Tubercle below glenoid cavity, lateral & medial surfaces of humerus. Insertion: Olecranon process of ulna |
| Origin & insertion: Gastrocnemius | Lateral & medial condyles of femur. Insertion: Posterior surface of calcaneus |
| Sequence of the names of muscular microstructures | Muscle, fascicles, muscle fibers, myofibrils, thick and thin filaments |
| Contents & characteristics of sarcolemma | Mitochondria, nuclei, myofibrils, sarcoplamic reticulum |
| Function of neuromusclar junction and its nuerotransmitters | CSite where the motor neruon and muscle fiber meet. Function: called synapse |
| CHPT 9: | |
| Similarities and differences: Peripheral and central NS | CNS: microglia, PNS: Macrophage. CNS: Astrocyte, PNS: Satellite cells |
| Similarities and differences: Autonomic & Somatic NS | A: Usually 2 neurons. S: Single motor neuron. A:Striated muscle S:Smooth & cardiac muscles |
| Similarities and differences: Sympathetic & parasympathetic | S: Fight and Run. P: Digest and rest. S: Inhibits flow of saliva. P:Stimulates flow of saliva. S: Accelerates heartbead. P: Slows heartbeat. S |
| Contents and characteristics of neurilemma | Surrounds outer layer of myelin. Made up of the cytoplasm & nuceli of the Schwann cell |
| Function & location of nodes ranvier | Transmits AP Saltatorily. In between Schwann cells |
| CHPT 10: | |
| General senses by free nerve endings | Touch and pressure |
| Referral pain def. | Occurs because of the common nerve pathways leading from skin and internal organs |
| Smell: Cranial nerve 1 (Olfactory) | Chemoreceptor. Smell and taste operate together to aid in food selection |
| Sight: Cranial nerve 2(Optic) | Photoreceptor cells of light. Rod & Cone cells on retina |
| Equilibrium & hearing: Cranial nerve 8 (Vestibulocochlear) | Smell, taste, hearing, equilibrium & sight |
| Taste: Cranial 9 (glossopharyngeal) | Taste buds (12 total pairs of cranial nerves in our head) |
| Which specific nerve receptors are chemoreceptor or mechanoreceptor? | Sensory receptors |
| Photoreceptor cells of light? | Rods & cones cells on retina |
| Difference between rods & cones? | Rods: Night, lower acuity but higher sensitivity, no color. Cones: Day, higher acuity but lower sensitivity, color. |
| What is the light sensitive pigment in rods? | Rhodopsin (Visual purple) |
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GabbbLo
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