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Bemidji HS-Civics
Civics Chapter 4
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| civil liberty | the freedom to think and act without government interference or fear of unfair treatment |
| free speech | the right to say our opinions, in public or in private, without fear of being stopped or punished |
| censorship | the banning of printed materials or films due to alarming or offensive ideas they contain |
| petition | a formal request for government action |
| slander | spoken untruths that are harmful to someone's reputation |
| libel | written untruths that are harmful to someone's reputation |
| accused | a person officially charged with a crime |
| probable cause | a strong reason to think that a person or property was involved in a crime |
| search warrant | a court allowing police to search property and seize evidence |
| indictment | a document issued by a grand jury to charge someone with a crime |
| double jeopardy | putting someone on trial for a crime of which he or she was previously found innocent |
| self-incrimation | giving evidence about yourself that could lead to you being found guilty of a crime |
| due process | following established legal procedures |
| eminent domain | the right of the government to take private property- usually land- for public use |
| bail | a sum of money used as a security deposit to ensure that an accused person who is released from jail returns for his or her trail. |
| black codes | laws from after the Civil War that kept African Americans from holding certain jobs, gave them few property rights, and limited their rights in other ways |
| suffrage | the right to vote |
| poll tax | a sum of money required of voters before they are permitted to cast a ballot |
| discrimination | unfair treatment based on prejudice against a certain group |
| segragation | the social separation of the races |
| "Jim Crow" law | Southern segregation law |
| civil rights | the rights of full citizenship and equality under the law |
| nonviolent resistance | peaceful protest against laws believed to be unfair |
| sit-in | the act of occupying seats or sitting down on the floor of an establishment as a form of organized protest |
| hate crime | a violent act against a person because of his or her race, color, national origin, gender or disability |
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