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digestive system
selected vocabulary terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| mouth | digestion begins here with mechanical breakdown of food |
| salivary glands | glands of the mouth that produce saliva |
| Amylase | an enzyme found in saliva starts to breaks down some of the carbohydrates before leaving the mouth |
| Pharynx | throat/back of the mouth; passageway for food to the esophagus and air to the larynx |
| Esophagus | a muscular tube in chest that food flows down |
| Peristalsis | involuntary muscular waves that force food down through the esophagus to the stomach |
| Sphincter | a ring of muscle that contracts to close an opening - esophogeal and pyloric sphincters |
| small intestine | the longest part of the alimentary canal |
| Duodenum | first part of small intestines |
| Jejunum | middle portion of small intestine where chemical digestion ends and absorption begins |
| Ileum | last part of small intestines |
| large intestine | removes water from the undigested matter and form solid waste that can be excreted. |
| Cecum | a pouch at the beginning of the large intestine that joins the small intestine to the large intestine |
| Appendix | a small |
| Colon | extends from the cecum up the right side of the abdomen |
| ascending colon | beginning - absorbs fluids and salts |
| transverse colon | middle - absorbs fluids and salts |
| descending colon | final - absorbs fluids and salts |
| Rectum | A short tube at the end of the large intestine where waste material is compressed into a solid form before being eliminated |
| Anus | opening through which wastes leave the digestive tract |
| Pancreas releases enzymes via the common Bile duct into the Duodenum to help digest fats carbohydrates and proteins. Also release hormones into the blood to control Blood Sugar Levels - Insulin and Glucagon | |
| Liver | Produces bile - which is a biological detergent that breaks down fats. Bile is stored and concentrated in the Gall bladder and released into the Duodenum in response to food entering the stomach. |
Created by:
rufuspat
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