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A&P Terms
A&P Terminology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is anatomy? | The study of the structure of the body. |
| What is physiology? | The study of the functions of the body parts. |
| What are the origins of anatomic terms? | a) Discoverer; b) Location; c) Function; d) Shape; e) Story |
| Describe the anatomical position? | Standing erect, arms at the side, eyes level, head, palms, and feet facing forward, and feet flat. |
| What is the mediastinum? | The region in the middle of the thoracic cavity that sits between the lungs. |
| What is in the mediastinum? | The heart, thymus, esophagus, trachea, and several large blood vessels. |
| Retroperitoneal | Refers to organs that are outside of the peritoneum. |
| What organs are retroperitoneal? | Kidneys, adrenal glands, pancreas, duodenum of the small intestine, ascending/descending colons of the large intestine, and the inferior vena cava. |
| What is a serous membrane? | A double layer membrane that covers the viscera within the thoracic and and abdominal cavities. |
| Pleura | Serous membrane of the pleural cavities. |
| Pericardium | Serous membrane that lines the pericardial cavity. |
| Peritoneum | Serous membrane of the abdominal cavity. |
| Membrane | A pliable tissue that covers, lines, partitions, or connects structures. |
| What are the four types of tissues? | a) connective; b) muscle; c)epithelial; e)nervous |
| 6 levels of organization | 1)Chemical; 2)Cellular; 3)Tissues; 4)Organs; 5)Organ System; 6)Organism |
| What are the bones of the axial skeleton? | Sternum, ribs, spinal vertebrae, skull, and sacrum. |
| What are the bones of the appendicular skeleton? | Scapula, clavicles, humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals, phalanges, pelvis, femur, patella, tibia, fibula, tarsals, metatarsals, and phalanges. |
| Visceral | Toward an organ |
| Parietal | Away from an organ |
| Deep | Away from body surface |
| Superficial | Toward a body surface |
| Proximal | Nearer to origin |
| Distal | Away from origin |
| Superior (Rostral) | Toward the head |
| Inferior (Caudal) | Away from the head |
| Medial | Toward the center of the body |
| Lateral | Away from the center of the body |
| Prone | Laying face down |
| Supine | Laying face up |
| Ipsilateral | On same side of body as another structure |
| Contralateral | On opposite side of body as another structure |
| What are body cavities? | Spaces inside the body that a) Protect; b) Separate; and c) Support internal organs. |
| What are the 8 body cavities? | a) Cranial; b) Vertebral; c) Pleural; d) Pericardial; e) Abdominopelvic; f) Thoracic; g) Abdominal; h) Pelvic |
| What organ is found in the cranial cavity? | Brain |
| What organ is found in the vertebral cavity? | Spinal Cord |
| What organ is found in the pleural cavities? | One lung in each. |
| What organ is found in the pericardial cavity? | Heart |
| What is in the thoracic cavity? | Pleural cavities, pericardial cavity, and the mediastinum. |
| What is in the abdominopelvic cavity? | Abdominal and pelvic cavities. |
| What organs are in the abdominal cavity? | Stomach, spleen, liver, gallbladder, small intestine, and most of the large intestine. |
| What organs are found in the pelvic cavity? | Urinary bladder, portions of large intestine, and internal reproductive organs. |
| How are the abdominal and pelvic cavities separated? | By an imaginary line, there is no wall. |
| What separates the various body cavities? | a) Bones; b) Muscles; c) Ligaments; d) other structures |
| What are abdominopelvic regions used for? | Used to describe the location of the internal organs. |
| What are abdominopelvic quadrants used for? | Used by clinicians to describe site of pain and abnormalities. |
| Are the organs inside the body cavities? | No, the body cavities are potential spaces the have the potential to be filled. |
| What can fill the potential spaces that shouldn't be there? | Fluid, blood, or air |
| What would happen if the potential spaces were filled? | Disease |
| What are the different sectioning planes? | Coronal, saggital, transverse, and oblique |
| What are the two types of saggital plane? | Midsaggital and Parasaggital |
| How does the Coronal plane section the body? | Anteriorly and posteriorly |
| How does the midsaggital plane section the body? | Splits the body into equal left & right sections |
| How does the parasaggital plane section the body? | Into unequal left and right sections |
| How does the transverse plane section the body? | Into superior and inferior portions |
| How does the oblique plane section the body? | Sections the body at any angle that is not 90 degrees to the other planes. |
Created by:
clem773
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