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Anatomy

SAHS Anatomy Honors

TermDefinition
Epithelial covers the body and its parts; one of the 4 main tissue types; protect, sensory function,secretion, absorption, excretion; two types; simple and stratified
Connective Tissue most abundant and widely distributed tissue in the body; one of the 4 main tissue types
Muscle specialized tissue type that produces movement; one of the 4 main tissue types
Nervous specialized tissue type consisting of neurons and glia that provides rapid communication and control of body function; one of the 4 main tissue types
Extra cellular Matrix is a complex non living material between cells and tissue
ECM serves as a structural element in tissues and also influences their development and physiology
Endoderm innermost layer of the primary germ layers; develops into the digestive and urinary structures, as well as many other glands and organ parts
Mesoderm middle layer of primary germ layers; develops into muscles bones and blood vessels
Ectoderm outermost of the primary germ layers; develops into skin and the nervous system
Gastrulation process by which blastocyst cells move and then differentiate into the three primary germ layers
Histogenesis formation of tissues from primary germ layers of embryo
Characteristics of Epithelial Tissue limited amount of matrix material, membranous type attached to a basement membrane, avascular, cels are in close proximity, capable of reproducing itself
Epithelial Tissue Shapes simple, stratified, glandular
Stratified Squamous keratin filled; free surface is moist and found in mouth, esophagus, vagina
Simple Squamous permeable to many substances
Pseudostratified Columnar all cells rest on the basement membrane but may not reach the free surface above;cell nuclei are at odd & irregular intervals; very rarely found; only in segments of male urethra
Simple Cuboidal found in many ducts
Stratified Transitional 10 or more layers thick; protect organ walls from tearing & stress
Apocrine Glands found in mammary glands
Merocrine Glands are the most prevalent glands; no damage to cell membrane and no loss of cytoplasm
Holocrine Glands damage to cell membrane and some loss of cytoplasm; found in sebaceous glands; cell ruptures and dies after secretions are released
Fibrous Tissue a type of connective tissue; that make up tendons, bone (hard calcified, cartilage (consistency is firm, plastic, or gristle like gel)
Loose, Ordinary Connective Tissue loose connective
Adipose Connective Tissue provides insulation, support, and food reserves
Reticular Connective Tissue consists of network of branching fibers; forms framework of spleen; provides defense against microorganisms
Dense Connective Tissue found in regular and irregular arrangements in tendons, ligaments and kidney capsule
Cartilage avascular, heals slowly after injury
Blood contains neither ground substance nor fibers
Bone formed by osteocytes
Hyaline shiny and translucent appearance
Fibrocartilage strongest and most durable type of cartilage; found in intervertebral disks
Elastic Cartilage cartilage found in ear and larynx
Plasma is the blood cells; 55% whole blood, 45% formed elements
Erythrocytes red blood cells
Leukocytes White Blood Cells
Thrombocytes platelets
Skeletal thread like cells with many cross striations; one nucleus per cell; voluntary muscle tissue, uninucleate
Smooth elongated, narrow cells, no cross striations, one nucleus per cell; voluntary muscle tissue, uninucleate
Cardiac branching cells with intercalated disks; involuntary muscle tissue; striated muscle tissue, connecting the branching cells
Nervous Tissue rapid regulation and integration of bode activities; brain, spinal cord, nerves; excitability, conductivity
Neuron 1 type of nervous tissue
Neuroglia is a type of nervous tissue
Axon transmits nerve impulses away from cell body
Dendrites carry nerve signals toward the axon
Regeneration new tissue growth
A Scare dense fibrous mass
Keloid Scar an unusual thick scar
Created by: tbostwick
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