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Cells A&P
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Cells | the building blocks of all living things |
| What are the 3 main regions of a cell? | Nucleus, Plasma Membrane, Cytoplasm |
| Nucleus | control center of a cell |
| What are the 3 regions of a nucleus? | Nuclear Envelope, Nucleoli, Chromatin |
| Plasma Membrane | barrier for cell contents |
| Microvilli | finger-like projections that increase surface area for absorption |
| What are the 3 membrane junctions? | Tight Junctions, Desmosomes, Gap Junctions |
| Cytoplasm | material outside the nucleus and inside the plasma membrane |
| What are the 3 major elements of cytoplasm? | Cytosol, Organelles, Inclusions |
| Mitochondria | "powerhouse" of the cell; supplies most of ATP |
| Ribosomes | sites of protein synthesis |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) | fluid-filled tubules (cisterns) for carrying substances |
| What are 2 types of ER? | Rough ER, Smooth ER |
| Golgi Apparatus | modifies and packages proteins |
| What are the different types of packages for Golgi Apparatus? | Secretory Vessels, Cell membrane components, Lysosomes |
| Lysosomes | contain enzymes that digest worn-out or non-usable materials |
| Peroxisomes | membraneous sacs of oxidase enzymes |
| Cytoskeleton | network of protein structures |
| What are the 3 different types of elements of cytoskeleton? | Microfilaments, Intermediate, Microtubules |
| Centrioles | direct formation of mitotic spindle |
| Cilia | move materials across cell surface |
| Flagella | propels the cell |
| Fibroblasts | cells that connect body parts |
| Epithelia Cells | cells that covers and lines body organs |
| Skeletal Muscle Cells | cells that move organs and body parts |
| Fat Cell | cells that stores nutrients |
| Macrophage | cells that fights disease |
| Nerve Cell | cells that gathers information and controls body functions |
| Sperm | cells of reproductions |
| Membrane Transport | movement of substances into and out of the cell |
| What are the 2 basic methods of transport? | Passive Transport, Active Transport |
| What are the 2 types of Passive Transport Processes? | Diffusion, Filtration |
| Diffusion | particles tend to distribute themselves evenly |
| Filtration | water and solutes are forced through a membrane by fluid or hydrostatic pressure |
| What are the 3 types of diffusion? | Simple Diffusion, Osmosis, Facilitated Diffusion |
| What are 2 forms of Active Transport Processes? | Solute Pumping, Bulk Transport |
| Passive Transport Process | no energy is required |
| Active Transport Process (ATP) | cell must provide metabolic energy |
| Name the 2 types of Vesicular Transport | Exocytosis, Endocytosis |
| What are the 2 types of Endocytosis? | Phagocytosis, Pinocytosis |
| What are the 2 major periods of a cell life cycle? | Interphase, Cell Division |
| Name the 2 events of Cell Division | Mitosis, Cytokinesis |
| Mitosis | division of the nucleus |
| Cytokinesis | division of the cytoplasm |
| What are the 4 stages of Mitosis? | Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase |
Created by:
michael04
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