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Unit 1 Flash Cards
Declaration of Independence and Constitution
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Where was the bulk of the Enlightenment? | Europe |
| What were the 5 key Enlightened ideas? | Reason, Natural laws, Progress, Liberty, Toleration |
| Main political writers? | John Locke, Charles de Montesquieu, Jean-Jacques Rousseau (Thomas Hobbes) |
| Confederation? | league of friendship |
| The Articles of Confederation? | Weak national gov, strong state gov 'Firm league of friendship' |
| The Articles lacked executive and judicial authority, required unanimous votes and? | The power to collect taxes and regulate commerce. |
| What caused Shays's Rebellion? | Farmers could not pay debts and demanded an end to foreclosures, high taxes, more money. |
| Who led Shays's Rebellion? | Daniel Shays |
| Consequences of Shays's Rebellion? | Showed the Articles were too weak. |
| Who refused to send a delegation to the Philadelphia Convention? Why? | Rhode Island-Farmers and such disagreed with strong central gov |
| What did the delegates believe that human nature was? | Self-centered and selfish |
| Who said "There are two passions which have a powerful influence on the affairs of men: the love of power and the love of money."? | Ben Franklin |
| What is the main source of political conflict? | unequal distribution of wealth (haves, have-nots) |
| What did delegates agree that the purpose of government was? | to preserve property |
| The Framers agreed with who when the said government should be limited? | Montesquieu |
| Virginia Plan? | Bicameral legislature-proportional representation-large state plan |
| New Jersey Plan? | Unicameral legislature-equal representation-small state plan |
| Connecticut Plan (The Great Compromise)? | Bicameral legislation-House of Representatives based on population Senate-Equal representation |
| What size of state does the Connecticut Compromise benefit most? Why? | Small states. Small state's senators represent fewer people, giving them more influence. |
| What percentage of the population in the South was slaves? | Thirty percent. |
| The Three-Fifths Compromise stated that free persons and three-fifths of all other persons would be counted for _____ in Congress and ____? | Representation-Taxation |
| What amendment abolished slavery, therefore eliminating the Three-Fifths Compromise? | The Thirteenth Amendment |
| What were two main reasons the Framers agreed n a strong central government? | To promote economic growth and to protect property. |
| What were the powers given to Congress to strengthen it? | The power to tax, pay debts, regulate commerce, coin money, establish uniform laws of bankruptcy, punish counterfeiting, and establish post offices. |
| What were the individual rights guaranteed to all citizens in the Constitution? | Habeas Corpus, bills of attainder, ex post facto laws, the right to trial by jury, and removes religious qualifications to hold office. |
| The Framers used a system of government that separated power between branches. Who introduced this idea? | Montesquieu |
| Legislative Branch consists of what? | Bicameral legislature-House of Representatives and Senate |
| Who is the president officially elected by? | The Electoral Collage |
| The Supreme Court is the _____ court in the land. | Highest |
| The Framers set power against power in the system of what? | Checks and Balances |
| Congress checks the President in what ways? | Override Veto, Senate must approve treaties. |
| How does the President check the legislative branch? | Veto |
| The President appoints Supreme Court Justices, but the Senate can... | Reject the nominations |
| Supreme Court has the power of judicial review, but the legislative branch can... | Propose an amendment to reverse a Supreme Court ruling |
| What vote does the House of Representatives require to impeach a Justice or the President? | Majority |
| What vote does the Senate require to convict and remove the president or a Supreme Court Justice? | 2/3 |
| What does the system of checks and balances encourage? | Compromise; it slows change. |
| What showed the dangers of "excessive democracy"? | Shays' Rebellion |
| Who originally elected Senators? | State legislatures |
| How is the Senate "insulated"? | It is more resistant to popular pressures> |
| The Justices of the Supreme court serve how long? | Life; until the resign, retire or die. |
| The Framers threw out the old, unanimous vote to amend the Articles in favor of a _/13 vote. | 9 |
| Merchants, laborers and farmers that favored strong state government and a list of rights were... | Anti-federalists |
| Wealthy landowners that favored strong national government were... | Federalists |
| How many essays did Alexander Hamilton, James Madison and John Jay write that pushed for ratification? | 85 |
| In what Federalist paper did James Madison argue that political parties are undesirable, but inevitable? | #10 |
| In what year was the Constitution ratified? | 1787 |
| What are the formal methods for the proposal of an amendment? | A 2/3s vote in each house of Congress or the never used method of a national conventions at the request of 2/3 of the state legislatures. |
| What are the methods of ratification? | By legislatures in 3/4 of the states or by conventions in 3/4 of the states. |
| What are the main informal methods of Constitutional change? | Congressional legislation, Executive actions, judicial decisions, Party practices, and unwritten traditions. |
| What has increased the President's power over the years? | Commander-in-Chief, and head of state |
| Are political parties mentioned in the Constitution? | No siree-bob! |
Created by:
1314ryanmartin
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