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Unit exam 2 Skeletal
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| short bone | example: carpals (wrist) |
| long bone | example: humerus (arm) |
| flat bone | example: frontal (skull) |
| irregular bone | example: vertebrae (spinal cord) |
| diaphysis | hollow tube of hard compact bone |
| epiphysis | cancellous bone that constains red bone marrow |
| periosteum | strong membrane covering bone everywhere except joint surfaces |
| endosteum | thin membrane lining medullary cavity |
| osteoclasts | reabsorb bone |
| osteocytes | bone cells |
| chondrocystes | cartilage cell type |
| osteoblasts | form new bone |
| axial skeleton | skull, vertebral column, ribs and sternum |
| appendicular skeleton | 1. Girdles: these are of two types: pectoral, pelvic girdle. 2. Limb bones: There are two pairs of limbs: a pair of forelimbs and a pair of hind limbs. |
| thoracic vertabrae | compose the middle segment of the vertebral column |
| cheekbone (zygomatic bone) | the arch of bone beneath the eye that forms the prominence of the cheek |
| upper jaw bone | the jaw in vertebrates that is fused to the cranium |
| occipital | saucer-shaped membrane bone situated at the back and lower part of the cranium |
| true ribs | any of the ribs that are attached to the breast bone (sternum): the seven upper ribs |
| false ribs | no direct attachment to the breast bone (sternum): the lower five |
| floating ribs | attached to the vertebrae only: two lowermost pairs |
| phalanges | finger bones |
| ulna | elbow bone (the other large bone on forearm) |
| radius | large bone on forearm |
| tibia | shin bone |
| fibula | calf bone |
| metacarpals | "knuckles" of the hand. |
| tarsals | ankle bone |
| ribs | long curved bones which form the cage |
| femur | thigh bone |
| humerus | long bone in the arm or forelimb that runs from the shoulder to the elbow |
| mandible | lower jaw forming the skull with the cranium |
| carpals | wrist bones |
| metatarsals | five long bones in the foot |
| patella | kneecap |
| diarthrotic joint | exhibits essentially free movements |
| amphiarthrotic joint | offer a level of movement together with a level of sturdiness |
| synarthrotic joint | are essentially immovable |
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