Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Anatomyyphysiologyy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Hypotonic | Below normal tone of tension |
| Hypertonic | Excessive, above normal, tone or tension |
| Isontonic | Having uniform tension; of the same tone |
| Simple Diffusion | The unassisted diffusion of solutes through the plasma membrane. Concentration gradient |
| Exocytosis | The transport of material out of a cell by means of a sac or vesicle that first engulfs the material and then is extruded through an opening in the cell membrane. Requires ATP to get secretion out. |
| Osmosis | The diffusion of a solvent through a membrane from a dilute solution to am ore concentrated one. Uses a concentration gradient (water) |
| Filtration | The passage of a solvent and dissolved substances through a membrane or filter. Pressure gradient. |
| Phagocytosis | The ingestion of solid particles by cells. Requires ATP for large particles. |
| Solute Pumping Cell | Require protein carriers that combine reversibly with the substances to be transported across the membrane and use ATP to energize its protein carriers. Requires ATP against gradient |
| Cell | The basic biological unit of a living organism containing a nucleus and a variety of organelles enclosed by a limiting membrane |
| Centrioles | Minute bodies found near the nucleus of the cell; active in cell division |
| Chromatin | The structures in the nucleus that carry hereditary factors (genes) |
| Chromosomes | Barlike bodies of tightly coiled chromatin, visible during cell division |
| Cillia | Tiny, hairlike projections on cell surfaces that move in a wavelike manner |
| Cytoplasm | The substance of a cell other than that of the nucleus |
| Cytoskeleton | Acts as the cell's bones and muscles to help give the cell it's shape and structure |
| Cytosol | Water soluble components of the cell cytoplasm |
| DNA | Nucleic acid found in all living cells; carries the organism's hereditary information |
| Flagella | Long, whiplike extensions of the cell membrane of some bacteria and sperm. Serve to propel the cell. |
| Golgi Apparatus | Layers of flattened sacs that is active in the modification and transport of proteins |
| Inclusion | A body suspended in the cytoplasm, a granule |
| Interstitial fluid | The fluid between cells |
| Lysosomes | Organelles that originate from the Golgi Apparatus and contain strong digestive enzymes |
| Microvilli | Tiny projections on the free surfaces of some epithelial cells; increase surface area for absorption |
| Mitochondria | The rod-like cytoplasmic organelles responsible for ATP generation for cellular activities |
| Nuclear Membrane | The double membrane surrounding the nucleus within a cell |
| Nucleoli | Small spherical bodies in the cell nucleus; function in ribosome synthesis |
| Nucleoplasm | The plasm within the nucleus of the cell |
| Nucleus | A dense central body in most cells containing the genetic material of the cell |
| Organelles | Specialized structures in a cell that perform specific metabolic functions |
| Peroxisomes | A cell organelle containing catalase, peroxidase, and other oxidative enzymes and performing essential metabolic functions, as the decomposition of fatty acids and hydrogen peroxide. |
| Plasma (cell) membrane | Membrane that encloses the cell contents; outer limiting membrane |
| Ribosomes | Cytoplasmic organelles at which proteins are synthesized |
| Rough ER | Studded with ribosomes, transports materials through the cell and produces proteins in sacs |
| Smooth ER | Contains enzymes and digests fats and membrane proteins. The vacuole(s) fill with food being digested and waste material that is on its way out of the cell |
| DNA to DNA | A-T, T-A, G-C, C-G |
| DNA to mRNA | A-U, C-G, T-A, G-C |
| Interstitial fluid vs. Intracellular fluid | Interstitial fluid is outside of the cell while Intracellular fluid is found inside of the cell (cytosol) |
| Functions of Components of Cytoplasm | Cytosol: The liquid of cytoplasm surrounding the organelles in a cell where a variety of cell processes take place. Organelles: Specialized parts of cell different specific functions. Inclusions: A body suspended in cytoplasm, a granule |
| Types of RNA and functions | mRNA: Single stranded, directions protein. rRNA: Proteins will be made. Transfer RNA: Bring correct amino acid |
| Diffusion vs. Osmosis | Diffusion is transferring substances from a high concentration to a low concentration. Osmosis is the diffusion of materials through water. |
| Protein synthesis | Prophase, Anaphase, Metaphase, and Telophase |
| Prophase | When the chromatin threads coil and shorten and chromosomes appear. The centrioles separate and move toward opposite sides of the cell forming the mitotic spindle. |
| Metaphase | Chromosomes cluster and become aligned at the center of the spindle midway between the centrioles so that a straight line of chromosomes is seen |
| Anaphase | Centromeres split, chromosomes move apart toward opposite ends of the cell. |
| Telophase | Prophase in reverse: Chromosomes uncoil to become chromatin again, spindle breaks down and disappears, nuclear envelope forms around each chromatin mass, nucleoli appear in each daughter nuclei |
| Mitosis | Interphase -> Early Prophase -> Late Prophase -> Metaphase -> Anaphase -> Telophase and cytokinesis |
| Cytokinesis | Division of the cytoplasm |
| Complimentary base pairing (DNA and RNA) | Replication -> DNA-DNA Transcription -> DNA-mRNA Translation -> RNA-Amino Acid-Protein |
Created by:
AndreaPost
Popular Anatomy sets