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ch.18.cond,lab,proc
ch. 18 abnormal conditions, tests, procudures of the endocrine
| condition | meaning |
|---|---|
| hyperthyroidism | overactivity of the thyroid gland |
| hypothyroidism | underactivity of the thyroid gland |
| myxedena | advanced hypothyroidism in adulthood |
| cretinism | extreme hypothyroidism during infancy and childhood leads to a lack of normal physical and mental growth |
| thyroid carcinoma | cancer of the thyroid gland |
| hyperparathyroidism | excessive production of the parathormone |
| hypoparathyroidism | deficient production of parathyroid hormone |
| adrenal virilism | excessive output of adrenal androgens |
| cushing syndrome | a group of symptoms produced by excess cortisol from the adrenal cortex |
| addison disease | hypofunctioning of the adrenal cortex |
| pheochromocytoma | benign tumor of the adrenal medulla |
| hyperinsulinism | excess secretion of insulin causing hypoglycemia |
| diabetes mellitus | lack of insulin secretion or resistance of insulin in promoting sugar, starch, and fat metabolism in cells |
| acromegaly | enlargement of the extremities caused by hypersecretion of the anterior pituitary after puberty |
| gigantism | hyperfunctioning of the pituitary gland before puberty, leading to abnormal overgrowth of the body |
| dwarfism | congenital hyposecretion of growth hormone |
| panhypopituitarism | all pituitary hormones are deficient |
| syndrome of inappropriate ADH (SIADH) | excessive secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) |
| diabetes insipidus | insufficient secretion of antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin) |
| fasting blood sugar (FBS) | measures circulating glucose level in a patient who had fasted at least 4 hours |
| serum and urine tests | measurement of hormones, electrolytes, glucose, and other substances in serum (blood) and urine as indicators of endocrine function |
| thyroid function tests | measurement of T3, T4, and TSH in the bloodstream |
| exophthalmometry | measurement of eyeball protrusion (as in graves disease) with an exophthalmometer |
| computer tomography (CT) scan | transverse x-ray views of endocrine glands to assess size and infiltration by tumor |
| MRI of the head | magnetic and radiofrequency pulses produce images of the hypothalamus and pituitary gland to locate abnormalities |
| radioactive iodine uptake | radioactive iodine is administered orally, and its uptake into the thyroid gland is measured as evidence of thyroid function |
| thyroid scan | a scanner detects radioactivity and visualized the thyroid gland after intravenous administration of a radioactive (technetium) compound |
Created by:
funnykitty24
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