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respiratory review
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| The nasal cavaties include | Space behind the nose. That warm, filter, and moisten the air. They are lined with mucous membranes |
| The structure that divides the nasal cavities into right and left sections. | The nasal septum. |
| Sense of smell. | Olfactory cells. |
| Paranasal sinus | Ethmoid |
| Parannasal sinus | Sphenoid |
| Paranasal sinus | Maxillary |
| The respiaratory system is lines with | Cyllia and mucous membranes |
| Pharaynx division 1 | Larngopnaryx contains the voice box and 9 rings of cartilage lined with smooth muscle and mecous membranes. |
| Pharaynx division 2 | Nasal pharynx opening to the eustachian. adenoids and pharangeal tonsils. |
| Pharaynx division 3 | Oral Phaynx palatine and lingual tonsils. |
| Epiglotis | Closes the lungs to food and liquids. |
| Trachea | Airway to the lungs that bifurcates into RT and LT bronchi |
| 2 main airways that branch off the trachea | RT and LT bronchai |
| Smallest bronchioles | Terminal broncholes into Aveoli |
| Alveoli | Microscopic airsacs with walls one cell thin that allow for rapid diffusion of CO2 and O2 |
| Lungs | Organs made out of Avolia and Terminal bronchioles. |
| Lobes of the lungs | RT. lung has 3 lobes. LT has 3 lobes. |
| The top portion of the lung | Apex |
| The bottom portion of the lung | Base(broad lower end that rests on the diaphram) |
| Visceral pleurae | Covers the lungs |
| Parietal pleurae | |
| What is the mediastinum? | Space between the lungs that contains the esophagus, heart, and trachea. |
| Total lung capacity | 6000ml |
| Tidal volume(TV) | Amount of air moved into and out of the lungs. 500ml average |
| Vital capacity(VC) | Max amount that you exhale after max inspiration. 4800ml |
| Residual Volume(RV) | Amount left after max exhalation. 1200ml |
| What is the diaphragm? | Skeletal muscle that contracts and relaxes to move the lung. |
| Phrenic nerve | Controls the diaphrahm |
| What stimulates breathing? | CO2 levels stimulate the brain and the medulla controls the breathing. |
| Rales | Bubbling and rattling sounds made in the lungs. |
| Rhonchi | Whistling sounds made in the lungs. |
| Wheeze | Whistling expiration sound. |
| Stridor | Harsh high pitched insipiratory sounds. |
| Eupnea | Normal breathing |
| Dyspnea | Difficult/painful/labored breathing. |
| Orthopnea | Diff breathing while supine. |
| Orthopneic postion | Head at 45* elevation while sleeping |
| Hyperpnea | Abnormal deep and rapid breathing |
| Hyperventiation | Excessive movement of air in/out of the lungs. |
| Bradypnea | Slow breathing |
| Tachypnea | Fast breathing |
| Apnea | No breathing |
| Anoxia | Without oxygen |
| Hypoxia | Low oxygen |
| Asphyxia | Suffocation/inability to breath |
| Singultus | hiccups |
| Corzya | Common head cold sound |
| Hempptysis | Spitting up blood from the respiratory tract. |
| Pulmonary edema | Accumulation of fluid in the lungs. Normally CHF related. |
| Atelectasis | Incomplete expansion of the lobes or lungs that may result in a partial collapse of the lung. Can be chronic or acute. |
| COPD | Abnormal irreversible enlargement of air spaces, |
| Pneumonia | Acute infection of the lunch parenchyma which impairs gas exchange causing alveoar inflammation and edema. |
| Pneumonitis | Inflammation of the lungs |
| Pertussis | Whooping cough acute respiratory viral infection. |
Created by:
sublime505
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