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clinical (2).
chapter 38
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Mensuration is | the process of measuring height/weight, circumference of head and chest |
| the scale must be _______and set to ________ before the pt. stands on it. | calibrated, zero |
| when measuring height round off to the ______ inch | quarter |
| the correlation between height and weight is called | BMI |
| used to identify the measurement of body functions that are essential to life | vital signs |
| The 4 Vitals are | Temp, Pulse rate, respiratory rate, Blood pressure |
| the 4 vitals indicate | (1)body's ability to control heat (2)rate, volume, rhythm of heart (3)rate/quality of breathing (4)force of heart/condition of blood vessels |
| indicates amount of heat produced by the body | temperature |
| sites for temperature are: | oral(mouth) axillary(armpit) rectal temporal(forehead) aural/tympanic(ear) |
| what is Hypothalamus | it is the temperature regulation center of the brain. |
| conditions affecting body heat | metabolic time of day amount of activity(exercise) |
| body loses heat by: | breathing perspiration elimination of body waste |
| normal adult body temp is: | 98.6f/37.0c |
| above normal body temp is called | febrile |
| normal body temp is called | afebrile |
| below normal body temp is called | subnormal |
| high fever is called | hyperpyrexing |
| toxins form bacteria, cause body temp to raise is called | pyrogens |
| rectal temp and temporal temp is the ______ accurate | most |
| the least accurate method of taking someone temp is | axillary(armpit) |
| thermometer types | plastic disposable electronic thermometer tympanic thermometer/instantaneous tympanic temporal artery thermometer |
| plastic thermometer does what? | chemical indicators(dot matrix) on a plastic strip. the heat causes a reaction, dots color change color |
| may contain 2 probes | electronic probe |
| what must be on a probe before it is inserted | a probe cover |
| what measures inferred wave from the eardrum? | tympanic thermometer |
| what measures inferred energy from the temporal artery on the forehead? | temporal artery thermoeter |
| write "R" next to temp meaning | rectal |
| write "AX" next to temp meaning | axillary |
| write "TYM" next to temp meaning | Tympanic |
| write "TA" next to temp meaning | Temporal Artery |
| Reflexed by the number of times the heart beats in one full minutes | pulse rate |
| Pulse rate are stimulated by what type of feelings | anxiety, fear, anger |
| what condition may cause the pulse rate to rise? | thyroid disease, shock fever, anemia |
| normal pulse rate for adults | 60 to 100 per minute |
| pulse rate over 100 would be? | tachycardia |
| pulse rate under 60 would be? | bradycardia |
| slower heart rate may occur with... | certain meds heart disease depression drugs *also could mean the person is an athlete |
| each time the heart beats blood is forced into the______, expanding its _______ and creating a _____-like effect. | aorta, walls, wave |
| Palpated means? | feeling, or felt |
| volume force of pulse | normal bounding weak |
| ______pulse is scarcely perceivable | Thready |
| Rhythm refers to the ______of equal ______ of beats | regularity, spacing |
| pulse rate that lacks regular rhythm, can be "irregular", or can be regular irregular" | arrhythmia |
| the radial pulse is located where | thumb side of wrist |
| brachial pulse is located where? | inner medical surface of the elbow (ontecubital space) |
| what is the most common pulse site | radial |
| what pulse site is used to measure B/P | Brachial |
| the apical pulse is measuring the heart rate by the _______ | apex |
| the carotid pulse is located? | either side of the neck, side of trachea |
| where do we use the carotid pulse site | for the means of CPR |
| located midway in groin, near the femur | femoral pulse |
| popital pulse is located? | behind knee |
| dorsalis pulse is located? | instep of foot |
| what does the dorsalis and popital pulse evaluate? | lower extremity circulation |
| the number of times a pt breathes in one minute is call? | respirations |
| when counting respirations one inhale and one exhale equals what? | one respiration |
| normal adult respiratory rate in a minute is? | 16 to 20 rpm |
| resp rate fluctuates more during when? | illness exercise infants |
| what 3 things should be observed for depth of resp rate? | shallow normal deep |
| noisy breathing is called | rales |
| difficulty breathing when lying down is called? | orhtopnea |
| cheyne stokes occurs with | acute brain, heart or lung disease |
| cheyne stokes a characterized by | slow, shall breaths that increase in depth. its followed by a period of apnea. this breathing pattern frequently proceeds death |
| blood pressure means the fluctuating pressure that the blood exerts against the ______ walls as the heart ____ and _______ | arterial, contract and relaxes |
| b/p reflects the condition of the ____,_____ and the amount of ____ forced out from contraction | heart, arteries, blood |
| B/P is measure in the ______ artery of the ____ at the ______ space | bronchial, arm, antecubital |
| the measurement of B/P is called MMLTY. Which means | Millimeters of mecury |
| first time pt should have B/P measured on both______ | arms |
| B/P can have a _____ to _____ mm difference between both arms | 5 to 10 |
| what are the 2 B/P phases | systole and diastole |
| ______ is the contraction phase of the heart, which is the ____ beat and has ______ pressure. | systolic, 1st, greatest |
| ______ is the resting or filling phase of the heart. it is when the heart is at its _____ pressure | diastolic, least |
| B/P normal range is | below 120/80 |
| physical conditions that can cause high B/P are | thyroid dysfunction, kidney disease, arteriosclerosis, neurological issues |
| pre-hypertension rage is | 120/80 - 139/89 |
| hypertension stage I range is | 140/90 - 189/99 |
| hypertension stage II range is | 160/100 and up |
| Idiopathic or essential stage I hypertension is without an ____ _____ | apparent cause |
| secondary hypertension results from ___ disease | Renal |
| Malignat hypertension is ______ and ____ to controls | severe and difficult |
| orthostatic hypertension drop in B/P when pt goes from _______ to _________ | sitting to standing |
| orthostatic hypertension causes ____ and is common with ________ people | synscope(fainting), elderly |
| hypotension is | low B/P |
| hypotension rate is | below 90/60 |
| hypotension is usually not _____ | serious |
| hypotension can result from....? | blood loss, burns, shock |
Created by:
bpstears
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