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Merrill Chpt 3
Osteology Part 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How many bones in typical adult skeleton? | 206 |
| What are the 2 main skeletal divisions that make up bony framework of body? | Appendicular and Axial |
| What are the 4 main parts of Appendicular skeleton? | Pelvic girdle, shoulder girdle, upper limbs & lower limbs (extremities) |
| What are the 4 main parts of Axial skeleton? | Ribs, skull, sternum, & vertebral column |
| Strong, dense outer layer of bony tissues is called? | Compact bone |
| Inner, less dense trabeculated portion of the bone is called? | Spongy bone |
| Central cylindrical canal of long bones is called? | Medullary cavity |
| Tough, fibrous connective tissue that covers the bone (except at articular ends) | Periosteum |
| Name the 5 classifications of bones | Flat, long, short, irregular,& sesamoid |
| What classification does the Tibia belong in? | Long |
| What classification does the Lunate belong in? | Short |
| What classification does the Radius belong in? | Long |
| What classification does the Patella belong in? | Sesamoid |
| What classification does the Scapula belong in? | Flat |
| What classification do Facial bones belong in? | Irregular |
| What classification does the Vertebrae belong in? | Irregular |
| Define Long bones | Consist of a body and 2 articular ends. |
| Define Short bones | Consist of spongy tissue and have a thin layer of compact bone |
| Define Flat bones | Consist of compact bone in form of 2 plates that enclose a layer of spongy tissue |
| Define Irregular | Are a peculiar shape, can't be classified as long, short, or flat |
| Define Sesamoid | Are small oval bones that develop in/near tendons and function to protect tendons from excessive wear |
| How many bones are in the axial and in the appendicular skeletal? | Axial = 80 bones. Appendicular = 126 bones |
| T/F: The appendicular skeleton protects the head & trunk? | False |
| The appendicular skeleton provides means for what? | Movement |
| Trabeculae is filled with what? | Red & yellow marrow |
| What does red marrow produce? | Red & white blood cells |
| Stores fat cells | Yellow marrow |
| Medullary cavity contains? | Trabeculae filled with yellow marrow |
| T/F: Medullary cavity contains red marrow found in ends of long bones | True |
| What lines marrow cavity | Endosteum |
| What term in bone development applies to the development and formation of bones? | Ossification |
| Bone development begins in what month of embryonic life? | 2nd |
| What are the 2 bone development processes? | Intermembranous and Endochondral |
| Flat bones are formed by ______ ossification? | Intramembranous |
| Short, irregular, & long bones are created by _____ ossification? | Endochondral |
| Endochondral ossification occurs from 2 distinct centers of development, they are? | Primary and Secondary |
| Primary ossification begins before____ and forms_____ of long bones | Birth; long central shaft |
| Secondary ossification occurs ____ birth when separate bones begin to develop at ______of long bones | After; both ends |
| What are the ends of the long bones called in secondary ossification | Epiphyses |
| What classification does the Femur belong in? | Long |
| What classification does the Humerus belong in? | Long |
| What classification does the Carpal bones (wrist/ankles) belong in? | Short |
| What classification does the Cranium belong in? | Flat |
| What classification does the Sternum belong in? | Flat |
| Diploe is what? | The flat bones middle layer of cancellous bone |
| What classification does the Pelvis belong in? | Irregular |
| All of the following are functions of the skeleton, EXCEPT A. attachment for muscles; B. storage for calcium, phosphorus, & other salts; C. production of minerals; D. production of red/white blood cells | Production of minerals |
| Which of the following can be palpated to T7? A. Jugular notch; B. Sternal angle; C. Inferior angle of the scapula; D. Xiphoid process | Inferior angle of the scapula |
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swisscheese
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