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Epithelial Tissue
3.4--Epithelial Tissue
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| EPITHELIAL TISSUE | Consists of cells arranged in continuous sheets; either single or multiple tightly packed layers. Little to no matrix, no blood vessels (avascular) |
| 3 FUNCTIONS OF EPITHELIAL TISSUE | (1) SERVE AS BARRIERS TO LIMIT TRANSFER IN AND OUT OF BODY (2)RELEASE PRODUCTS BY CELLS ONTO FREE SURFACES (3)PROTECT AGAINST ENVIRON. |
| APICAL (FREE) SURFACE | FACES BODY SURFACE, BODY CAVITY, LUMEN, OR DUCT. |
| LATERAL SURFACES | FACE ADJACENT CELLS |
| BASAL SURFACE | DEEPEST LAYER; ADHERES TO BASEMENT MEMBRANE |
| BASEMENT MEMBRANE | "ANCHOR" MEMBRANE. CONSISTS OF PROTEINS SECRETED FROM THE EPITHELIAL CELLS WHICH MAKE UP THE BASAL LAMINA AND RETICULAR LAMINA. RESTRICT PASSAGE, SURFACE FOR GROWTH, ALSO BLOOD FILTRATION |
| BASAL LAMINA | THIN LAYER, CONTAINS COLLAGEN AND LAMININ ON TOP OF RETICULAR LAMINA |
| RETICULAR LAMINA | CLOSER TO CONNECTIVE TISSUE; CONNTAINS PROTEINS MOSTLY FROM CONNECTIVE TISSUE (COLLAGEN) |
| GLANDULAR EPITHELIUM | MAKES UP SECRETING PART OF GLANDS |
| SIMPLE EPITHELIUM | SINGLE LAYER OF CELLS -- FUNCTIONS IN OSMOSIS, FILTRATION, SECRETION, OR ABSORPTION |
| STRATIFIED EPITHELIUM | MULTIPLE LAYER OF CELLS -- MULTIPLE LAYERS |
| PSEUDOSTRATIFIED EPITHELIUM | APPEARS TO HAVE MULTIPLE LAYERS, BUT ALL CELLS TOUCH THE BASEMENT MEMBRANE. IF CILIATED MAY CONTAIN GOBLET CELLS. IF NOT, THEY DON'T |
| SQUAMOUS CELLS | THIN, ALLOW FOR RAPID PASSAGE OF SUBSTANCE THROUGH THEM; STACKED AT TOP |
| CUBOIDAL CELLS | AS TALL AS WIDE; MAY HAVE MICROVILLI AND FUNCTION AS SECRETION OR ABSORPTION |
| COLUMNAR CELLS | MUCH TALLER THAN WIDE. PROTECT UNDERLYING TISSUE. MAY HAVE CILIA OR MICROVILLI; SECRETION AND ABSORPTION |
| TRANSITIONAL CELLS | CHANGE SHAPE FROM SQUAMOUS TO CUBOIDAL AND BACK (INT. = COLUMNAR). NEEDED FOR ORGANS THAT COLLAPSE AND STRETCH (URINARY BLADDER) |
| GOBLET CELLS | MODIFIED COLUMNAR CELLS THAT SECRETE MUCUS AT APICAL SURFACE |
| KERATIN | TOUGH FIBROUS PROTEIN THAT RESULTS FROM DEAD SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS THAT BECOME SEPARATED FROM BLOOD SUPPLY |
| KERATINIZED STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS | HAS NO NUCLEI, OCCURS NEAR APICAL SURFACE. NO CILIA |
| UNICELLULAR GLANDS | SINGLE CELLED GLANDS (GOBLET CELLS ARE EX.) |
| MULTICELLULAR GLANDS | MOST EXOCRINE GLANDS |
| FUNCTIONAL CLASS--MEROCRINE GLANDS | EXOCYTOSIS SECRETION |
| FUNCTIONAL CLASS--APOCRINE GLANDS | ACCUMULATE SECRETORY PRODUCT AND PINCH OFF |
| FUNCTIONAL CLASS--HOLOCRINE GLANDS | ACCUMULATE PRODUCT IN CYTOSOL; MATURE CELL RUPTURES, AND SECRETES |
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