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A&P 2 ch 8
Nervous system
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| two main divisions of the nervous system | central nervous system and peripheral nervous system |
| central nervous system includes the | brain and spinal cord |
| the nerves that connect the CNS to every organ and area of the body | peripheral nervous system |
| all nerve cells have a | nucleus,cytoplasm and cell membrane |
| two types of peripheral nerves include | 12 pairs of cranial nerves and 31 pairs of spinal nerves |
| if an impluse is going to the brain or spinal cord it is called | sensory or afferent nerve |
| if an impulse is carried from the brain or spinal cord to a muscle,organ,or gland it is called | motor or efferent nerve |
| nerves carry impulses by creating electric charges in a process called | membrane excitability |
| this is linked to a number of menatl disorders and behavior problems | chemical imbalances |
| people with depression have been found to have less | seritonin |
| part of the peripheral nervous system that is invountary and controal breathing, heartbeat and digestion | automatic nervous system |
| two divisions of the autonomic nervous system | sympathetic and parasympathetic |
| the brain is a large mass of nerve tissue with about a | 100 billion neurons |
| the brain weighs approximately | 3 pounds |
| the large front portion of the brain that is divided into lobes | cerebrum |
| located behind the forehead, related to emotion and personality | frontal lobe |
| area of brain related to vision | occipital lobe |
| located on the side; associated with hearing and smell | temporal lobe |
| located between the frontal and occipital lobes,associated with pain,heat and cold | parietal lobe |
| found beneath the cerebrum | cerebellum |
| joins the spinal cord | medulla oblongata |
| located above the medulla, responsible for chewing,tasting and secretion of saliva | pons |
| the covering of the brain and spinal cord is called the | meninges |
| the three layers that make up the meninges | pia mater,arachnoid,dura mater |
| the cavities within the brain are called | ventricles |
| the ventricles and spinal cord are filled with | cerebral spinal fluid |
| CSF acts as | shock absorber to protect the CNS |
| catheter inserted into carotid artery and dye is injected to show the cerebral arteries via xray | arteriography |
| tool used to determine the level of unconciousness | glasgow coma scale |
| demonstrates electrical activity of the peripheral muscles at rest and when activated | electromyography |
| spinal needle inserted into small space in lower back to check for infections like meningitis | lumbar puncture |
| progressive degenerative disease that attacks the brain and is most common form of dementia | alzheimers disease |
| fatal, progressive neurological disease that causes degeneration of motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord | ALS(lou gehrigs disease) |
| severe brain inflammation that causes edema and nerve cell destruction | encephalitis |
| herpes zoster is also known as | shingles |
| shingles is caused by the same herpes virus that causes | chicken pox |
| inflammation of the meninges of the brain and spinal cord caused by a virus or bacterial infection | meningitis |
| causes severe pain along the course of the involved nerve | neuralgia |
| temporary or permanent loss of voluntary function | paralysis |
| paralysis on one side of the body that usually results from brain damage | hemiplegia |
| damage to the left side of the brain results in _________ sided paralysis | right |
| damage to the right side of the brain results in __________ sided paralysis | left |
| loss of motor or sensory function to the lower half of the body | paraplegia |
| permanent paralysis of the arms and legs | quadriplegia |
| collection of blood between the arachnoid and pia mater | subarachnoid hematoma |
| collection of blood between the dura mater and arachnoid | subdural hematoma |
| syndrome characterized by a facial tic such as rapidly blinking eyes or twitching of the mouth | tourettes |
| disorder of the fifth cranial nerve resulting in excrutiating pain | trigeminal neuralgia |
| regulate essential involuntary body functions such as: increasing heart rate; raising blood pressure | sympathetic nerves |
| when a body responds to an immediate threat to the internal environment it is referred to as the | fight or flight response |
| regulate essential involuntary body functions such as slowing heart rate; relaxing sphincters; increasing peristalsis; increasing gland secretions | parasympathetic nerves |
| consists of the midbrain, pons and medulla oblongata | brain stem |
| brain stem controls which functions | respiration, blood pressure, and heart rate |
| inability to communicate through speech or writing | aphasia |
| without muscle coordination | ataxia |
| surgical incision into the skull | craniotomy |
| difficult speech | dyphasia |
| nerve pain | neuralgia |
| without a brain | anencephaly |
| inflammation of the meninges | meningitis |
| weakness or paralysis of the muscles in the face due to an inflamed or compressed facial nerve | Bells palsy |
Created by:
clarevoyant1019
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