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Muscle Terms
Terminology of the muscles in the body
Term | Definition |
---|---|
abduction | movement away from the midline of the body |
adduction | movement toward the midline of the body |
dorsiflextion | backward bending of the foot |
extension | straightening of a flexed limb |
fascia | fibrous membrane seperating and enveloping muscles |
flaxion | bending at a joint |
insertion of a muscle | connection of the muscle to a bone that moves |
origin of a muscle | connection of the muscle to a stationary bone |
plantar flexion | bending the sole of the foot downward toward the ground |
pronation | turning the palm backwards |
rotation | circular movement around a central point |
skeletal muscle | muscle connected to bones; voluntary or striated muscle |
smooth muscle | muscle connected to internal organs; involuntary or visceral muscle |
striated muscle | skeletal muscle |
supination | turning the palm forward |
viscearal muscle | smooth muscle |
muscular dystrophy | a group of inherited diseases characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of muscle fibers without involvement of the nervous system |
polymyositis | chronic inflammatory myopathy |
antinuclear antibody test (ANA) | detects an antibody present in serum of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) |
erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) | measures the rate at which erythrocytes settle to the bottom of a test tube |
rheumatoid factor test (RF) | serum is tested for presence of an antibody found in patients with rheumatoid arthritis |
serum creatine kinase (CK) | measurement of uric acid in serum |
serum calcium (Ca) | measurement of calcium level in serum |
uric acid test | measurement of uric acid in serum |
arthrocentesis | surgical puncture to remove fluid from the joint space |
arthrography | process of taking x-ray images after injection of contrast material into the joint |
arthroplasty | surgical repair of a joint |