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Vocabulary Terms

Civil Rights

TermDefinition
affirmative action policies designed to give "special" attention or compensation to members of a previously disadvantaged group.
Brown v. Board of Education (1954) U.S. Supreme Court case that marked the end of legal school segregation in the United States as it violates 14th Amendment's guarantee of equal protection. Key: "Separate is NOT equal."
civil rights the positive acts governments take to protect individuals against arbitrary or discriminatory treatment by both governments(s) or individuals.
Civil Rights Act of 1964 outlawed segregation in public facilities and racial discrimination in employment, education, and voting on the grounds of race, color, religion, national origin, or sex.
de facto discrimination discrimination that results from practice rather than the law. Key: the discrimination (choice) is the result of private acts
de jure discrimination discrimination by law i.e., that is a direct result of law or official policy. Key: the discrimination (choice) is state imposed
equal protection clause section of the 14th Amendment that guarantees that all citizens receive "equal protection of the laws"
Fourteenth Amendment guarantees "equal protection" and "due process" of the laws to all U.S. citizens
Nineteenth Amendment guarantees women the right to vote
Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) U.S. Supreme Court said that "separate but equal" did not violate the equal protection clause. Key: Overturned, see Brown v. Board of Education
Thirteenth Amendment banned slavery in the U.S.
Title IX bars educational institutions receiving federal funds from discriminating against female students
black codes any code of law that defined and especially limited the rights of former slaves after the Civil War.
Jim Crow Laws any state law discriminating against black people. When the black codes were declared unconstitutional, they were reinstated as the Jim Crow Laws.
Created by: ravalencia
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