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Electric Guidelines
5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Electrical Safety - What is a safe power source? | 117 v domestic operating voltage from service line and may range from 105-130 v. |
| Electrical Safety - How is leakage current controlled? | Instruments such as ground wires. |
| Electrical Safety - What is Stray Capacitance? | The most common leakage current and is found in power cords, power supply, or wiring inside a machine. It is increased by extension cords. |
| Electrical Safety - What is Stray Inductance? | Another source of leakage current. AC passing through an inductor creates an electromagnetic field which expands and collapses. |
| Electrical Safety - The power supply voltage should be what? | 100-240 B. |
| Electrical Safety - The power supply frequency should be what? | 50-60 Hz. |
| Electrical Safety - The Power consumption (not including the computers) should be what? | 20 W. |
| Electrical Safety - The PC must not be situated closer than what from a patient. | 1.5 m. |
| Electrical Safety - Impedance: | The instrument provides high quality EEG recording if the resistance is less than 20 kΩ; it is recommended to achieve resistance less than 10 kΩ, and in a case of strong radio interference – less than 5 kΩ. |
| Electrical Safety - Input Impedance: | Not less than 200 MΩ. |
| Electrical Safety - What is a fault circuit? | One that will allow current to pass safely (harmlessly) to the ground. |
| Electrical Safety - What is a ground loop? | Two instruments interconnected by a common ground and another connection between made up of a magnetic radiation in it's vicinity to complete the loop. |
| Electrical Safety - What is shock? | Current that can be harmful or fatal. |
| Electrical Safety - What is macroshock? | A large and perceptible current passing from one external surface to another. |
| Electrical Safety - What is microshock? | A very low current that can sometimes still be lethal. |
| Electrical Safety - What color is the hot wire? | Black. |
| Electrical Safety - What color is the neutral wire? | White. |
| Electrical Safety - What does the neutral wire do? | It returns the current to the transformer. |
| Electrical Safety - What color is the ground wire? | Green. |
| Electrical Safety - In a 2 wire system, what can happen to the neutral wire? | It 'acts' like a ground wire but may still have small voltage relative to building. |
| Electrical Safety - What happens when you use an extension cord? | It can increase the voltage in a neutral wire. |
| Electrical Safety - What is the greatest danger to a 2 wire system? | Accidental short circuiting that can cause severe shock, burn, or even death if ground and case touch at the same time. |
| Electrical Safety - What does a 3 wire system prevent and how? | Accidental short circuiting because voltage returns directly to the ground. |
| Electrical Safety - What are the leakage current limits? | For ground to chassis was 300 microamperes, (300 μA). Depending on the specific medical device, leakage current limits are as low as 10 μA. |
| Electrical Safety - What helps in not having excessive leakage currents? | Ground wires. |
| Electrical Safety - Where do you find the most leakage current? | In power supply or power cords. |
| Electrical Safety - Where else can you find leakage current? | In the wiring of the machine. |
| Electrical Safety - What is stray inductance? | Another source of leakage current. AC passing through an inductor creates an electro-magnetic field, which expands and collapses. |
| Electrical Safety - What happens when you connect 2 grounds on a pt? | It causes a difference in voltage between the two grounds and the current can flow through the pt. |
| Electrical Safety - What is a ground loop? | Two instruments with a common ground that produce magnetic fields that the pt or others will close circuit if connected between. |
| Electrical Safety - What helps prevent ground loops? | Putting outlets in cluster at the same ground points. |
| Electrical Safety - What is a redundant ground? | A separate heavy gauged wire attached to the case of a machine with the other end attached to a drain pipe. |
| Electrical Safety - What can help with 60 Hz interference? | Grounding to the pt's bed. |
| Electrical Safety - What type of shocks do you get with DC? | Shocks that may cause a skin burn. |
| Electrical Safety - What type of shock do you get with AC? | A lethal shock. |
| Electrical Safety - When is a microshock lethal? | When applied to legs and arms or introduced directly into the heart. |
| Electrical Safety - What are the 3 situations when using electrical instruments that pts are at risk? | When involving high risk pts such as neos or O2, when using a single electrical instrument, and using electrical equipment that is not connected to the pt. |
| Electrical Safety - How can a pt get a shock from electrodes on the scalp? | By not using optical isolators to separate the main power circuitry from the patient in the differential amplifiers. The separation prevents the possibility of accidental electric shock. |
| Electrical Safety - What is the meaning of Ohm's Law? | The law related to electricity and states that the current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the potential difference across the two points. Introducing the constant of proportionality, the resistance. |
| Electrical Safety - What is the formula for Ohm's Law? | I=V/R where I is the current through the conductor in units of amperes, V is the potential difference measured across the conductor in units of volts, and R is the resistance of the conductor in units of ohms. R is independent of the current. |
Created by:
kmburg5840
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