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Digestive system
Chapter 20 Q & A
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the structures of the digestive system? | Mouth, Pharynx, esophagus, stomach, large intestine, small intestine |
| What are the accessory organs of the digestive system? | Teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, pancreas, and gallbladder |
| What is the function of the tongue? | It repositions food in the mouth during chewing |
| What is the function of the teeth? | They break food into pieces small enough to be swallowed |
| What is the function of saliva? | It moistens food and transforms it into a bolus. The enzyme amylase breaks down starch while lipase begins the digestion of fat |
| What is the function of the pharynx? | It acts as a passageway for food to travel to the esophagus. |
| What is the function of the esophagus? | It connects the pharynx to the stomach. This is where peristalsis takes place which propels food toward the stomach |
| What is the function of the stomach? | It contracts and churns to break food into smaller particles and mix it with gastric juice. The end product is chyme |
| What is the function of the duodenum? | It receives chyme from the stomach, pancreatic juice, & bile. Neutralizes stomach acid and pancreatic enzymes begin the task of chemical digestion |
| What is the function of the jejunum? | This is where nutrient absorption takes place |
| What is the function of the large intestine? | This is where absorption of large amounts of water from the waste takes place. The end result is feces which is then passed out of the body |
| What is the digestive function of the liver, gallbladder and pancreas? | They each secrete digestive fluids or enzymes into the digestive tract at the junction of the stomach and the small intestine |
| What are the symptoms of a peptic ulcer? | Gnawing, bloating, and heartburn |
| What is the cause of peptic ulcers? | There is no single cause. However, H. pylori is often indicated as well as the use of NSAIDs. |
| What is the treatment for peptic ulcers? | H. pylori ulcers can be treated with antibiotics |
| What are gallstones? | Hard masses that form inside the gallbladder, often because of excessive cholesterol in the bile |
| What are the symptoms of gallstones? | There may be no signs or symptoms. However, if a stone lodges within a duct, excruciating pain may occur |
| What is the treatment of gallstones? | Surgery to remove the gallbladder or medications to dissolve the gallstones |
| What effects does age have on the digestive system? | Peristalsis slows, the cardiac sphincter weakens, tooth loss occurs, sensations of smell & taste are diminished, poor absorption of vitamin B12, & efficiency of the liver declines |
Created by:
cbooher16
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