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Muscular System
Chapter 9
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Provides Mobility, Movement and Heat | Muscular System |
| Z-line AKA ___________ | Z-disc |
| Surrounded by epimysium and _____________ | Deep Fascia |
| Muscle cells are specialized for __________ | Contraction |
| Fibers ____________ to produce movement | Shorten |
| Made of ______________ Connective tissue (tendons) | Dense fibrous |
| Continuation of _______________ that covers the muscle | Deep Fascia |
| Special name for the cell membrane of a m. cell | Sarcolemma |
| Sarcoplasm | Special name for cytoplasm of a muscle cell |
| Filled with myofibrils | Sarcoplasm |
| Contains Myofilaments | Sarcoplasm |
| Anchor muscle to bone and other muscle | Tendons |
| Merges with the periostem to anchor to bone | Tendons |
| Includes Skeletal Muscles but NOT Cardiac or Smooth muscle | Muscular System |
| Fibers are bundled into _______________ | Fascicles |
| Fascicles are surrounded by _____________ | Perimysium |
| Actin AKA _____________ | Thin Filaments |
| Myosin AKA __________________ | Thick Filaments |
| Protein that anchors myosin to the Z-line | Titin |
| Thin contractile proteins that interact with myosin | Actin |
| Thicker contractile proteins | Myosin |
| Actin forms a ___________ with myosin | Cross-bridge |
| Inhibitory proteins that prevent contraction when relaxed | Troponin and Tropomyosin |
| Attach to actin and block myosin from forming a cross-bridge | Troponin and Tropomyosin |
| Motor end plate and Synaptic knob are AKA ___________ | Axon Terminal |
| ACh = ___________________ | Acetylcholine |
| The cell membrane of the muscle fiber | Acetylcholine |
| ACh attaches to ___________ in the sarcolemma | Receptors |
| ACh causes _______ impulse in the sarcolemma | Electrical |
| Cholinesterase __________________ ACh | Deactivates |
| Synaptic cleft AKA __________ | Synapse |
| The junction between the axon terminal and the muscle fiber sarcolemma | Synapse |
| Enlarged end of the motor neuron | Axon terminal |
| Tubes that allow signals to travel into the cell | T-Tubules |
| ER of the muscle cell | Sarcoplasmic Reticulum |
| Stores calcium ions | Sarcoplasmic Reticulum |
| nerve impulse causes release of ACh from the axon terminal | Sarcoplasmic Reticulum |
| Ca+ released from the Sarcoplasmic Reticulum binds to troponin and tropomyosin and actin is exposed | contraction |
| Myosin Binds to Actin | Contraction |
| Causes actin filaments to pull against myosin filaments | Contraction |
| Causes actin filaments to pull against myosin filaments Called __________________ | Sliding Filament |
| Where the muscle originates | Origin |
| The thick part of the muscle | Belly |
| Opposite end of the origin | Insertion |
| Across at least one joint from the origin usually | Insertion |
| This determines what action is taken | Insertion |
| Some muscles have more than one belly that we call ________ | Heads |
| The movement a muscle causes when it contracts | Action |
| The primary muscle that brings about desired movement | Prime mover |
| Prime mover AKA ____________ | Protagonist |
| The muscle that does the opposite of the prime mover | Antagonist |
| Secondary muscle that brings about the desired movement | Synergist |
| Assist the prime mover muscle | Synergist |
| Heat production from the normal muscle metabolism | Thermogenesis |
| Chemical reaction and Friction | Thermogenesis |
| Increased with increased activity | Thermogenesis |
| Maximus | Largest |
| Minimus | Smallest |
| Major | Large |
| Minor | Small |
| Longus | Long |
| Brevis | Short |
| Deltoid | Triangular |
| Rhomboid | Diamond shaped |
| sarratus | Sawtoothed |
| Trapezius | Trapezoid |
| Pectoralis | chest |
| brachio | upper arm |
| radialis | radius b. |
| gluteus | buttocks |
| femoris | femur |
| Sterno | sternum |
| Cleido | Clavicle |
| Mastoid | Mastoid Process |
| Digiti | Fingers and Toes |
| Pollicis | Thumb |
| Hallicus | Big toe |
| Lateralis | Lateral ( side) |
| Medialis | Medial (midline) |
| Intermedius | Middle (in between) |
| Profundus | Deep |
| Superficialis | Superficial |
| BIceps | 2 heads |
| TRIceps | 3heads |
| QUADriceps | 4 heads |
| Rectus | Straight |
| Transverse | Sideways/across |
| Oblique | Diagonal |
| Adductor | Adducts |
| Abductor | Abducts |
| Flexor | Flexes |
| Extender | Extends |
| Levator | Elevates |
| Frontalis | eye brows |
| orbicularis oculi | squinting |
| masseter | chewing |
| temporalis | chewing |
| Orbicularis oris | Kissing muscle |
| external oblique | vomiting |
| internaloblque | posture |
| rectus abdominis | bending |
| deltiod | rotates arm |
| pectoralis | flexes upper arm |
| serratus anterior | reaching |
| trapezius | raises and lowers shoulders |
| latissimus doris | Adducts humerus |
| brachialis | flexes forearm |
| biceps brachii | flexes elbow |
| triceps brachii | extends forearm |
| brachioradialis | help flex forearm |
| iliopsoas | flexes thigh |
| sartorius | flexion of hip |
| adductor muscles | rotate thigh |
| quadriceps femoris | knee extention |
| hamstring | flex knee rotate hip rotate leg |
| Gluteus medius | abducts and rotates thigh |
| gluteus maximus | back swing of leg |
Created by:
Stacey Mayo
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