Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Chapter 9
Muscular System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Muscular System includes | the skeletal muscles and accessory structures. |
| Musculare system provides | mobility, movement, and it produces heat. |
| The muscular system includes the skeletal muscles not the | cardiac or smooth muscle. |
| Each muscular structure is made up of thousands of individual | muscle cell. |
| Muscle cell also known as | fibers. |
| Myofibrils are fibers of the muscle cell that are bound together within the cell membrane and a layer called | endomysium. |
| fibers are bundled into | fascicles. |
| Fascicles are surrounded by | perimysium. |
| Fascicles are bundled into the muscle surrounded by | the epimysium and the deep fascia. |
| Muscles are specialized for | contraction. |
| Fibers _______ to produce movement. | shorten. |
| Tendons | anchor muscle to bone and other muscles |
| Tendons are made of | dense fiborous connective tissue. |
| Deep fascia is what covers the muscle. | |
| Tendon merges with the | periosteum to anchor to the bone. |
| What are the two muscle fiber anatomy? | Sacrolemma and Sacroplasm. |
| Sacrolemma | is a special name for the cell membrane of a muscle cell. |
| Sacroplasm | is a special name for the cytoplasm of th emuscle cell. |
| Sacroplasm is filled iwth myofibrils and it stores | glycogen (engergy) and oxygen (breakdown). |
| Sacroplasm contains sacromeres, the contractile units in the muscle fiber and it is bundles into groups called | myofilaments. |
| Myofilaments are made of | actin and myosin. |
| There are 6 parts of the anatony of a sacromere. | Z-line, Actin, Myosin, Titin, and Troponin & Tropomyosin. |
| Z-line also known as | Z disc. |
| Z-disc is a protein backbone that anchors | actin filaments. |
| Z-disc forms the end boundaries of the | sacromeres. |
| Actin also known as | thin filaments. |
| Actin thin contractile protein that interacts with | myosin. |
| Myosin also known as | thick filaments. |
| Myosin has thicker contractile | proteins. |
| Titin | proteins that anchors myosin to the Z-line. |
| Actin forms a _____________ with myosin which shortens the sacromere. | crossbridge. |
| Troponin & Tropomyosin | inhibits proteins that prevent contraction when relaxed. |
| Troponin & Tropomyosin is attach to actin and blocks __________ from forming a cross bridge. | Myosin. |
| Neuromuscular Junction | is a motor nerve ending at each muscle fiber. And it is one per fiber. |
| Axon Termina also known as | Motor End Plate |
| Motor End Plate also known as | Synaptic Knob. |
| Axon Termina has an elarge end of the motor neuron | and it contains sacs of the neurotransmitter Acetycholine (ACh) |
| Synapse also known as | synaptic cleft. |
| Synapse is the junction between the ____________ and the ___________ _____________. | axon terminal and muscle fiber sarcolemma. |
| Acetycholine is release across the synapse is called | exocytosis. |
| Sarcolemma | is the cell membrane of the muscle fiber. |
| Abbreviation for Acetycholine | ACh |
| ACh attached ot the _____________ in the sacrolemma. | receptors. |
| ACh causes ______________ impulses in the sacrolemma | electrical. |
| Electrical signals travels through the | sarcolemma. |
| Cholinesterase _______________ ACh. | deactivates. |
| T-tubules | tubes that allow signals to travel into the cell. |
| Sacroplasmic reticulum | ER of the muscle cell and stores Calcium ions. |
| Contraction | Calcium is released from the sacroplasmic reticulum binds to troponin and tropomyosin and actin is exposed. |
| Contraction causes actin filaments to pull against mysoin filaments called the | sliding filament mechanism. |
| In contraction the brain recruits higher numbers of _________ based on need. | fibers. |
| Parts of the muscle function are | Origin, Belly, Insertion, Action, and Heads. |
| Origin is where the muscles originate and usually the more _____________ of the two ends. | stationary. |
| Belly | is the thick middle part of the muscle. |
| Insertion | is the opposite of the origin. And is across at least one joint from the origin. |
| Insertion moves toward the origin and shortens the muscle, this determines | Action. |
| Heads | some muscles have more that one belly that we call heads. |
| There are 5 muscle relationships which are | Action, Prime mover, Antagonist, Synergist, and Thermogenisis. |
| Action also known as function, makes the movement of a muscle that | contracts. |
| Prime Mover (Biceps) also known as | Protagonist. |
| Prime mover is the primary muscle that brings about the | desired movement. |
| Antagonist (Tricep) | is the muscle that does the opposite of the prime mover. |
| Synergist (Brachialis Radius) | is the secondary muscles that bring about the desired movement and it assist the prime mover. |
| Relative Terms | A muscle can be a prime mover for one action, but it can be the anatagonist for the opposite action. |
| Thermgenesis | is a heat production from normal muscle metabolism, due to checmical reaction and friction. |
| Thermgenesis increases with | increased activity. |
| Maximus | Largest |
| Minimus | Smallest. |
| Major | Large |
| Minor | Small |
| Longus | Long |
| Brevis | Short |
| Deltoid | Triangular |
| Rhomboid | Diamond-shaped |
| Sarratus | Sawtoothed (serrated) |
| Trapezius | Trapezoidal |
| Pectoralis | Chest |
| Brachio | Upper Arm |
| Radialis | Radius B. |
| Gluteus | Buttock. |
| Femoris | Femur |
| Sterno | Sternum |
| Cleido | Clavicle |
| Mastoid | Mastoid Process. |
| Digiti | Finger or Toe (digits) |
| Pollicis | Thumb |
| Hallicus | Big Toe |
| Lateralis | Lateral |
| Medialis | Medial |
| Intermedius | Middle |
| Profundus | Deep |
| Superficialis | Superficial |
| Biceps | 2 heads |
| Triceps | 3 heads |
| Quadriceps | 4 heads |
| Rectus | Straight |
| Transverse | Sideways/across |
| Oblique | Diagonal. |
| Adductor | Adducts |
| Abductor | abducts |
| Flexor | Flexes |
| Extensor | extends |
| Levator | Elevates |
| Head and Neck Muscles | Frontalis, Orbicularis oculi, masseter, temporalis, sternocleimastoid, and orbicularis. |
| Abdominal Wall Muscles | Rectus abdominis, external oblique, internal oblique, transverse abdominis, and linea alba (not a muscle). |
| Shoulder & Back Muscles | Deltoid, pectoralis major, serratus anterior, latissimus dorsi, and trapezius. |
| Upper Extremity Muscles | Brachialis, biceps brachii, triceps brachii, brachioradialis, hand and digit extensors, and hand and digit flexors. |
| Quadriceps Femoris Muscles | Rectoris femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, and vastus medialis. |
| Glutes Muscles | Gluteus Maximus, gluteus medius, and gluteus minimus. |
| Hamstrings Muscles | Bicep femoris, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus. |
| Calf | Gastrocnemeus, soleus and plantaris. |
| --% of the population does not have _______. | 25%, plantaris. |
| Foot & Toe Muscle | tibalis anterior. |
| Quadriceps Femoris | extends the knee. |
| Vastus Medialis | is in between the muscle and it is not visible. |
| Gluteus maximus | extends the hips. |
| Gluteus medius | primarily is a hip abductor. |
| hamstrings | flexion of the knee. |
Created by:
nmartinez06
Popular Anatomy sets