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Ch.7 Muscular System
The Muscular System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Name the 3 types of muscle? | 1. Skeletal(striated) 2. Smooth(visceral) 3. Cardiac muscle |
| Are skeletal(striated)muscles voluntary(controlled) or involntary(uncontrolled)? | Voluntary |
| Identify 2 examples of skeletal(striated)muscle? | 1. Biceps Brachii 2. Triceps Brachii |
| What are the characteristics of tendons? | 1. Strong 2. Tough 3. Non-elastic 4. White 5. Collagenous 6. Fibrous |
| Is Smooth(visceral)muscle considered voluntary or involuntary? | Involuntary(Autonomic) |
| Where are examples of smooth muscle found? | 1. GI tract 2. Uterus 3. Blood vessels 4. Urinary bladder |
| Is Cardiac muscle voluntary or involuntary? | Involuntary |
| Why is cardiac muscle unique? | When one cardiac muscle cell is stimulated, all the cardiac muscle cells are stimulated |
| True or False: Cardiac muscle cells contract separately? | FALSE-Contract together |
| What do cardiac muscles have the unique ability to do? | Receive an impulse,contract,immediately relax,and then receive another impulse |
| A steady or constant state of partial contraction maintained in a muscle is called? | Muscle Tone |
| Some muscle cells in a muscle will always be contracting while other muscle cells are? | At rest |
| Muscles that are at rest will contract while those that were contracting do what? | Go into relaxation |
| The alternating of muscles contracting and relaxing allows us to do what for long periods of time without tiring? | Maintain body posture |
| What do nerve impulses do to assist in maintaining our body's posture for long periods of time? | Alternate between various groups of muscle cells thus allowing all muscles to have periods of rest |
| The 2 types of muscle contractions are? | 1. Isotonic 2. Isometric |
| What type of muscle contractions occur when muscles become shorter and thicker and the tone(tension)remains the same? | Isotonic |
| What type of muscle contractions occur when the muscles involved remain at a constant length and the tone(tension)against the muscle icreases? | Isometric |
| What is the name for the more fixed attachment of a muscle that serves as a basis for the action is? | Origin(Base) |
| The moveable attachment where the effects of muscular contraction are seen is known as? | Insertion |
| What is the name for muscles that move a limb toward the midline of the body? | Adductor muscles |
| How do Abductor muscles move limbs? | Move limbs away from midline of the body |
| What is the specific action of Flexor muscles? | Bend a limb at a joint(ex:Biceps) |
| What is the function of Extensor muscles? | Extend a limb at a joint(ex:Triceps) |
| Identify 2 muscles which are named according to their shape? | 1. Quadratus(square) 2. Trapezius(triangle) |
| What is an example of a muscle that is named according to their origin and insertion? | Sternocleidomastoid |
| Sternocleidomastoid muscles are primarily used to? | Move the head |
| Three muscles that can be named according to their location are? | 1. Frontalis 2. Tibialis 3. Radialis |
| What do the frontalis muscles do? | Raise the Eyebrows |
| Name 3 muscles that can be named according to their number of divisions? | 1. Biceps brachii 2. Triceps brachii 3. Quadriceps |
| Muscles can be named according to the direction their fibers run such as? | 1. Transverse 2. Oblique(slanted) |
| Muscles that rotate a limb are called? | Rotators(pitchers) |
| Movement of the foot upward is known as? | Dorsiflexion |
| Movement of the foot toward the ground is called? | Plantar flexion |
| Turning a palm so that it faces the ground is called? | Pronation |
| What 2 muscles cause a palm to face downward? | 1. Pronator teres 2. Pronator quadratus |
| Turning a palm upwards is known as? | Supination |
| Identify the muscle that causes a palm to face upward? | Supinator muscle(waitress) |
| The muscle that draws the scalp backwards is? | Occipitalis |
| What are the muscles involved in smiling and laughing called? | Zygomaticus |
| The 2 muscles that close the jaw(mandible) are? | 1. Masseter 2. Temporalis |
| The 4 muscles that move a scapula include? | 1. Levator scapulae(shrug) 2. Rhomboids 3. Pectoralis minor 4. Trapezius |
| The muscle that flexes and adducts an arm is called? | Pectoralis major |
| The muscle that extends, adducts, and rotates an arm medially(ex:swimming) is known as? | Latissimus dorsi |
| The name for the muscle that abducts an arm and is a site for intramucular injections(IM)is? | Deltoid |
| The muscle that flexes a wrist is called? | Flexor carpi |
| The muscle that extends a wrist is? | Extensor carpi |
| The muscles that flex the fingers or toes are called? | Flexor digitora |
| The muscles that extend the fingers or toes are known as? | Extensor digitora |
| The muscle that flexes a thumb is? | Flexor pollicis(text messaging) |
| What is the muscle that extends a thumb? | Extensor pollicis(hitch hike) |
| The adductor pollicis does what? | Moves a thumb toward the midline |
| The name of the muscle that moves a thumb away from the midline is? | Abductor pollicis |
| The muscle that flexes and opposes a thumb and is used when we write is? | Opponens pollicis(opposition) |
| Name the 4 muscles that make up the abdominal wall? | 1. External oblique 2. Internal oblique 3. Transverse abdominis 4. Rectus abdominis("washboard") |
| The 3 muscles of ventilation are? | 1. Diaphragm 2. Internal intercostals 3. External intercostals |
| The muscles of the buttocks include? | 1. Gluteus maximus(cheek) 2. Gluteus minimus 3. Gluteus medius(IM injections) |
| Name the 6 muscles used to flex a knee? | 1. Biceps femoris 2. Semitendinosus 3. Semimembranosus 4. Popliteus 5. Gracilis 6. Sartorius |
| What 3 muscles make up the "hamstrings"? | 1. Biceps femoris 2. Semitendinosus 3. Semimembranosus |
| The 4 muscles that extend a knee are? | 1. Rectus femoris 2. Vastus lateralis(IM injections) 3. Vastus medialis 4. Vastus intermedius |
| What are the 4 muscles that make up the quadriceps femoris group? | 1. Rectus femoris 2. Vastus lateralis 3. Vastus medialis 4. Vastus intermedius |
| What 5 muscles are used to plantar flex a foot(bring it downward)? | 1. Gastrocnemius(calf) 2. Tibialis posterior 3. Soleus 4. Peroneus longus 5. Plantaris |
| Identify the 2 muscles which dorsiflex a foot(bring it upward)? | 1. Tibialis anterior 2. Peroneus tertius |
| How many skeletal muscles do humans have? | 650 |
| How much weight could the skeletal muscles lift if they all worked together? | 11 tons |
| Name the 3 intramuscular(IM)injection sites? | 1. Deltoid 2. Gluteus medius 3. Vastus lateralis |
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Crazymommaof2
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