Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Radiation
Ch 9 Radiation
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| x-ray discovery | wilhelm roentgen accidentally discovered with crookes tube |
| radon | largest component of environmental radiation |
| radon is a | radioactive gas produced by natural decay of uranium |
| radon is in | all earch based materials like concrete, brick, gypsu, |
| alpha particle | helium nucleus |
| beta particle | electron and positron |
| gamma rays | originate inside the nucleus |
| radioduclides | unstable atoms |
| radioisotope | unstable isotopes |
| three words of ratiation | time, distance, shielding |
| shielding of beta complication | beta rays strike a target and become converted into a more penetrating radiation |
| film badges | uses film to monitor radiation- false high in high heat situations like a car |
| thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) | more sensitive and can be work longer than film badges |
| ionization | displacing an orbital electrom from an atom, producing a negative ion and a positive ion |
| agency in charge of ratiation | nuclear regulatory commission |
| transportation of radioactive waste | DOT along with NRC |
| shorter wavelengs = | more energy and higher frequency |
| energy = | (speed of light)(plancks constant)/(wavelength) |
| Curie (CI) | number of nuclear decays per second |
| curie's measure | radioactive strength and the rate of decay |
| non-ionizing radiation | enough energy to move around atoms or cause them to vibrate but not enough to remove electrons |
| example of non-ionizing radiation | microwaves and visible light |
| ionizing radiation | enough energy to move tightly bound electrons, creating ions |
| alpha particles | two protons and two neutrons |
| beta particles | high speed electrons |
| gamma rays and x-rays | pure energy (photons) |
| stochastic effects | long term low level chronic exposure |
| non-stochastic effects | short term high level acute |
| which types cause external (direct) exposure | gamma and x-rays |
| which types cause internal exposure | alpha and beta |
| committed dose | counts for long periods of continuous exposure |
| shield alpha with | paper or skin |
| shield beta with | heavy clothing, some beta can penetrate and burn the skin |
| shield gamma with | thick dense sheilding like lead |
| radiatin maximum pernissible dose (mpd) | 5 rems per year |
| radiation maximum for individuals | .5 rems/year |
| mpd standard for whole populatin | 0.17 rems per year |
| rad | absorbed radiation |
| microwaves reflected by | metal |
| rem | roentgen equivalent in man |
| roentgen measures what? | ionization in air by x-rays and gamma rays |
| I roentgen = how many ergs? | 86 ergs = how many roentgen? |
| unit of measurement for rate at which atoms of radioactive sources (radionuclides) disintegrate | curies are used for measuring what? |
| GSD | genetically significant dose |
| medial lethal dose (1/2 of those exposed will die) | 550-750 roentgens |
| mpd | maximum permissable dose |
| what will reduce stray radiation? | filters |
| DOE says that liquid wastes must be solid within how many years? | 5 |
| lasers emit | electromagnetic radiation |
| medical diathermy | heat produced by microwaves used for therapeutic heating |
| long wavelength = | lower frequency and energy = |
| what charge does alpha particle carry? | positive electric charge |
| how can you stop beta particles? | a few millimeters of aluminum |
| radioisotope | artificially created isotope |
Created by:
sanitarianpankey
Popular Standardized Tests sets