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Anatomy Muscles
Anatomy test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is Contractility? | Ability of muscle to shorten with force. |
| What is Excitability? | Capacity of a muscle to respond to a stimulus. |
| What is Extensibility? | Ability to be stretched. |
| What is Elasticity? | Ability to recoil to original length after being stretched. |
| What is the Epimysium? | Connective tissue sheath that surrounds muscles. |
| What is the fascia? | Connective tissue located outside the Epimysium. |
| What is a muscle cell called? | Muscle Fiber |
| What is the Perimysium? | Loose connective tissue that surrounds muscle fascicle. |
| What is the Endomysium? | Connective tissue sheath the surrounds muscle fibers. |
| The cytoplasm of each muscle fiber is filled with what? | Myofibrils. |
| Two major types of protein fibers? | Actin & Myosin. |
| Difference between Actin & Myosin? | Actin is thin and Myosin is thick. |
| What are Sarcomeres? | Highly ordered Actin and Myosin. |
| What is a myofibril? | Sarcomeres joined end to end. |
| How many bands are there? | 2 |
| What are the names of those two? | A band and I band. |
| Which one is actin? | I band. |
| What is between the A bands? | H zone. |
| What is the basic structural and functional unit of a muscle? | Sarcomeres. |
| Does a sarcomere extend from I band to I band? | No |
| Does a sarcomere extend from Z line to Z line? | Yes |
| What type of appearance do actin and myosin give? | A banded appearance. |
| does the A band extend the length of myosin? | Yes. |
| What does the H zone contain? | Myosin. |
| Myosin myofilaments are anchored in the center of the sarcomere by the? | M line. |
| The outside of most cell membranes is? | Positively Charged. |
| The inside of most cell membranes is? | Negatively charged. |
| What is the charge difference called? | Resting membrane potential. |
| When a muscle cell is stimulated it briefly changes. What is this called? | Action Potential |
| What are motor neurons? | Carry action potentials to skeletal muscle fibers. |
| Each branch forms a what with each cell? | Neuromuscular junction. |
| What is another name for this? | Synapse. |
| What is a single motor neuron and all the skeletal muscle fibers called? | Motor unit. |
| Many motor units form a what? | Muscle |
| A neuromuscular junction is formed by what? | An enlarged nerve terminal. |
| Another name for an enlarged nerve terminal is a? | Presynaptic terminal. |
| The space between that and the muscle is? | Synaptic Cleft. |
| the muscle fiber is the? | Postsynaptic terminal. |
| Each presynaptic terminal contains? | Synaptic Vessels. |
| What do they secrete? | Acetylcholine. |
| What does it do? | Diffuses across the synaptic cleft and binds to the postsynaptic terminal causing a change in the postsynapic terminal. |
| This process is called? | Exocytosis. |
| This cuases what? | An influx of sodium ions in the muscle fiber. |
| This causes the muscle to? | Contract. |
| the acetylcholine is broken down by enzymes called? | Acetylcholinesterase. |
| The sliding of actin past myosin is called? | Sliding Filament mechanism. |
| What is a muscle twitch? | Contraction of an entire muscle in response to a stimulus. |
| A muscle wont respond to a stimulus until it meets the? | Threshold. |
| At that point it will contract maximally. This is called? | All-or-none-response. |
| The time between application of a stimulus and contraction is called? | Lag phase. |
| The time of contraction is the? | Contraction Phase. |
| The time during which a muscle relaxes is the? | Relaxation Phase. |
| What is Tetany? | Where a muscle remains contracted without relaxing. |
| The increase is motor units being activated is called? | Recruitment. |
| What is ATP? | Adenosine Triphosphate. |
| Where is it produced? | Mitochondria. |
| It degenerates to what? | ADP. |
| What is the high-energy molecule that ATP stores? | Creatine Phosphate. |
| What is Anaerobic Respiration? | Without Oxygen. |
| What is Aerobic Respiration? | With Oxygen. |
| What is the Oxygen debt? | Amount of oxygen needed in chemical reactions. |
| What is muscle fatigue? | When a muscle becomes tired and can't produce enough ATP. |
| Two types of contractions? | Isometric and Isotonic. |
| What is Isometric? | Length doesn't change but tension does. |
| What is Isotonic? | Tension doesn't change but length does. |
| What is muscle tone? | Constant tension produced by muscles. |
| What are Fast-Twitch fibers | Contract quickly and fatigue quickly. |
| What are Slow-Twitch fibers? | Contract slowly and are more resistant to fatigue. |
| What is the origin? | Most stationary end of a muscle. |
| What is the insertion? | Is the end that undergoes the greatest amount of movement. |
| What is the belly? | The point in between the origin and the insertion. |
| What are synergists? | Muscles that work together. |
| What are Antagonists? | Muscles that work against each other. |
| What is the Prime mover? | The muscle that plays the major role. |
| Is it in a group of synergists or antagonists? | Synergists. |
| Occipitofrontales. | Raise eyebrows. |
| Masication. | Chewing. |
| Ztgomaticus. | Smiling. |
| Buccinator. | Flattens the Cheeks. |
Created by:
kodyfelix24
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