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MA 70 Urinary System
Module 11 Urinary System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| azot/o | CF: nitrogenous waste |
| bacteri/o | CF: bacteria |
| cyst/o | CF: urinary bladder |
| glomerul/o | CF: glomerulus |
| glycos/o | CF: sugar |
| keton/o | CF: ketone |
| lith/o | CF: stone, calculus |
| meat/o | CF: opening |
| nephr/o | CF: kidney |
| noct/i, nyct/o | CF: night |
| olig/o | CF: scanty |
| pyel/o | CF: renal pelvis |
| ren/o | CF: kidney |
| scler/o | CF: hard |
| ur/o | CF: urine |
| urin/o | CF: urine |
| ureter/o | CF: ureter |
| urethr/o | CF: urethra |
| vesic/o | CF: bladder |
| poly- | Prefix: many |
| -cele | Suffix: hernia |
| -emia | Suffix: blood condition |
| -iasis | Suffix: abnormal condition |
| -lith | Suffix: stone, calculus |
| -lithiasis | Suffix: abnormal condition of having stones |
| -lysis | Suffix: destruction |
| -megaly | Suffix: enlarged |
| -pathy | Suffix: disease |
| -pexy | Suffix: surgical fixation |
| -ptosis | Suffix: prolapse |
| -rrhaphy | Suffix: suture |
| -tome | Suffix: instrument for cutting |
| -tomy | Suffix: incision |
| -tripsy | Suffix: surgical crushing |
| -urea | Suffix: urine |
| Kidneys | organ that filters nitrogenous waste from the blood |
| Ureters | vessels that takes waste from the kidneys to the bladder |
| Bladder | sac where urine is stored |
| Urethra | vessel from the bladder to outside the body |
| Renal Pelvis | where all urine is collected in the kidney before entering the ureter |
| Nephron | microscopic functioning unit of the kidney f capillaries inside the Bowmen’s capsule |
| Bowmen’s capsule | area that surrounds the glomeruli and starts the filtration process |
| glomerulus (singular) glomeruli (plural) | tuft of capillaries inside the Bowmen’s capsule |
| cystalgia | bladder pain |
| cystocele | prolapse of the bladder into the vagina |
| cystectomy | surgical removal of the urinary bladder |
| cystogram | x-ray of the urinary bladder |
| cystitis | inflammation of the urinary bladder |
| cystolith | calculus build up in the urinary bladder |
| cystolithiasis | abnormal condition of stones in the urinary bladder |
| cystolithotomy | incision of the urinary bladder to remove a stone(s) |
| cystopexy | surgical fixation of the urinary bladder |
| cystoplasty | surgical repair of the urinary bladder |
| cystoscope | an instrument to view the urinary bladder |
| cystoscopy | the process of viewing the urinary bladder |
| polycystic | having many fluid filled sacs |
| glomerulonephritis | disease of the kidneys causing inflammation of the capillaries of the glomeruli |
| glomerulosclerosis | hardening of the glomeruli |
| lithiasis | abnormal condition of having stones |
| lithotripsy | surgical crushing of stones |
| lithotomy | incision to remove stones |
| meatus | an opening |
| nephralgia | painful kidneys |
| nephrectomy | excision of a kidney |
| nephrogram | X-ray of kidney |
| nephritis | inflammation of one or both kidneys |
| nephrolith | calculus (stones) in the kidney |
| nephrolithiasis | abnormal condition of many kidney stones |
| nephrolithotomy | incision of the kidney to remove stones |
| nephrology | branch of medicine involved in diagnosis and treatment of diseases and disorders of the kidney |
| nephrectomy | surgical removal of a kidney |
| nephroptosis | prolapse of a kidney |
| nephropexy | surgical fixation of a kidney |
| nephrorrhaphy | suturing of a kidney |
| pyelogram | x-ray of the renal pelvis |
| pyelitis | inflammation of the renal pelvis |
| pyelonephritis | inflammation of the renal pelvis and kidney from a bacterial infection |
| pyeloplasty | surgical repair of the renal pelvis |
| renal | pertaining to the kidneys |
| uremia | urine in the blood, caused by improper kidney functioning (failure) |
| urologist | specialist in the diseases of the urinary system |
| urology | the study of the urinary system |
| ureteral | pertaining to the ureter |
| ureteralgia | painful ureter |
| ureterectasis | dilation of the ureter |
| ureterocele | protrusion of the ureter |
| ureterolith | ureter stone |
| ureterostenosis | narrowing of the ureter |
| urethral | pertaining to the urethra |
| urethralgia | urethra pain |
| urethrocele | protrusion of the urethra into the vagina |
| urethrocystitis | inflammation of the urinary bladder and urethra |
| urethrectomy | surgical removal of the urethra |
| urethroplasty | surgical repair of the urethra |
| urethritis | urethra inflammation |
| urethrorrhagia | rapid bleeding from urethra |
| urethroscope | instrument to visually examine urethra |
| urethrostenosis | narrowing of urethra |
| urinometer | instrument to measure urine |
| urinary | pertaining to urine |
| anuria | condition of no urine (produced by kidney) |
| azoturia | nitrogenous waste in the urine |
| bacteriuria | bacteria in urine |
| dysuria | condition of difficult or painful urination |
| glycosuria | condition of sugar in urine |
| hematuria | condition of blood in urine |
| ketonuria | ketones in urine |
| nocturia | condition of frequent nighttime urination |
| oliguria | condition of scanty amount of urine |
| polyuria | condition of (too) much urine |
| proteinuria | protein in urine |
| pyuria | condition of pus in urine |
| cystocele | protrusion of the bladder into the vaginal wall |
| rectocele | protrusion of the anus into the vaginal wall |
| dialysis | process of using a machine to artificially filter the blood |
| calculus | stone formed within organ by accumulation of mineral salts; found in kidney, renal pelvis, ureters, bladder, or urethra; plural is calculi |
| diuresis | increased formation and secretion of urine |
| enuresis | involuntary discharge of urine after age by which bladder control should have been established |
| micturition | another term for urination |
| urinary incontinence | involuntary release of urine |
| urinary retention | inability to fully empty the bladder |
| urology | branch of medicine involved in diagnosis and treatment of diseases and disorders of urinary system. physician is a urologist |
| voiding | another term for urination |
| diabetic nephropathy | accumulation of damage to glomerulus capillaries due to chronic high blood sugars of diabetes mellitus |
| glomerulonephritis | inflammation of kidney (primarily of the glomerulus) |
| hydronephrosis | distention of renal pelvis due to urine collecting in kidney; often result of obstruction of ureter |
| nephrolithiasis | presence of calculi in kidney |
| nephroptosis | downward displacement of kidney out of normal location; commonly called floating kidney |
| oliguria | scanty (little amounts) production of urine |
| polycystic kidney | kidneys formation of multiple cysts within kidney tissue. Results in the destruction of normal kidney tissue and uremia |
| pyelonephritis | inflammation of renal pelvis and kidney |
| cystography | process of instilling contrast material or dye into bladder by catheter to visualize urinary bladder on X-ray |
| retrograde pyelogram | diagnostic X-ray in which dye is inserted through urethra to outline bladder, ureters, and renal pelvis |
| cystoscopy | visual examination of urinary bladder using instrument called cystoscope |
| urinary catheterization | insertion of tube through urethra and into urinary bladder for purpose of withdrawing urine or inserting dye |
| extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) | use of ultrasound waves to break up stones; procedure that is non-invasive. Destroys or crushes stones in the bladder or urethra by high frequency sound waves |
| hemodialysis (HD) | use of artificial kidney machine that filters blood of person to remove waste products |
| dialysis | removal of toxic waste substances from blood artificially with the use of a machine to filter it. |
| meatotomy | incision into meatus in order to enlarge opening of urethra |
| nephrolithotomy | surgical incision to directly remove stones from kidney |
| renal transplant | surgical placement of donor kidney |
| ARF | acute renal failure |
| BUN | blood urea nitrogen |
| CRF | chronic renal failure |
| cysto | cystoscopic exam |
| ESRD | end-stage renal disease |
| ESWL | extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy |
| GU | genitourinary |
| HD | hemodialysis |
| H2O | water |
| I&O | intake and output |
| IVP | intravenous pyelogram |
| KUB | kidney, ureter, bladder |
| RP | retrograde pyelogram |
| UA | urinalysis |
| UTI | urinary tract infection |
| VCUG | voiding cystourethrogram |
| micturition | urination |
| gluc/o, glucos/o | CF: sugar |
| genit/o | CF: genital, genitalia |
| anti- | Prefix: against |
| cortex | literal translation "bark": outside layer |
| medulla | middle layer |
| renal artery | blood vessels going into the hilum of the kidney to the glomeruli for filtering |
| renal veins | filtrate from kidneys to the veins leading out of the hilum of the kidney |
| cystorrhea | uncontrolled flow of urine |
| cystourethritis | inflammation of the bladder and urethra |
| genitourinary | pertaining to the genital and urinary systems |
Created by:
leschnei
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