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skeletal system pt2
ms.russell p-4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| simple fracture | clean break |
| compound fracture | bone penetrating thru skin |
| comminuted fracture(elderly bones r brittle) | bone breaks into many fragments.(treatment-open reduction) |
| greenstick fracture(children) | incomplete break/bone is chipped |
| compression | bone is crushed into a million pieces(more pourous bones-head injuries |
| depressed | broken bones caves unwards(skull) |
| impacted | joints-2 bones r crushed 2gether(most common-shoulder) |
| spiral | twisted break; jagged-sport injuries |
| fracture | break in bone |
| closed reduction | treatment that is coazed by hand(less serious) |
| open reduction | treatment that is done by surgery(complicated breaks) |
| steps in fracture repair | 4 |
| 1st step in fracture repair | hematoma formation |
| 2nd step in bone repair | fibrocartilage callus is formed(gandulation tissue or scar tissue forms *new capillaries*macrophages-phagocytosis*fibroblasts-collagen fibers*cartilage+bone matrix |
| 3rd step in bone repair | bony callous formation(spongy bone) formed by osteoblasts/clasts flood the area... convert tissue in2 songy bone |
| 4th step in bone repair | bone remodeling thru normal stress(movement) spongy bone->compact/osteoblasts/clasts |
| 1st purpose of bone markings | depression/openings->allows blood vessels+nerve fibers to pass |
| foramer | an opening thru a bone(round or oval) |
| fossa | shallow depression in a bone often serving as an articular surface |
| sinus | a cavity(empty space) w/i a bone |
| 2nd purpose of bone markings | sites of tendon, muscle, ligament attachment |
| tuberosity | large,roughned process |
| crest | prominent ridge on bone process |
| trochanter | femur-large blunt, irregular shaped process |
| 3rd purpose of bone markings | help form joints*head-bony expansion on a mere narrow neck(expanded at end of epiphyses*condyle-rounded projection |
| bone remodeling occurs in response to 3 factors..... | 1-calcium levels in the blood 2-stress 3-injuries |
| remodeling | process by which the organic and mineral components of the bone matrix are continously being recycled n renewed |
| calcitonin | a hormone released by thyroid gland to decrease calcium levels if calcium levels increase |
Created by:
queenbee06
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