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Respiration-Viscera
S&HA&P PowerPoint 12
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| 3 parts of visceral thorax | Conducting portion: transport air; respiratory portion: gas exchange; mediastinum |
| the only visible part of the respiratory system is the _____. | nose |
| nasal septum | divides the nasal cavity; the wall between the 2 nostrils |
| nostrils | external nares |
| air enters into the _____ ______ through the _____ ______. | nasal cavity, external nares |
| nasal pharynx | connects nasal cavity with back of mouth (oral cavity) |
| nasal concha | long narrow curved bone (shelf) aka turbinate. 3 on each side of the nasal cavity. |
| During inhalation through the nose... | air is directed over and under the conchae. The mucus lining the epithelium prepares the air so it can travel safely into the lungs. |
| hard palate | 2/3 anterior of palate, made of bone |
| soft palate | 1/3 posterior of palate, soft and made of muscle |
| the nasal cavity is separated from the oral cavity by _______ | the palate. can contract the soft palate and separate the nasal cavity from the pharynx, causing sound to resonate only in the oral cavity. |
| pharynx | a tube extending from the back of the nasal cavity and mouth to the esophagus and larynx. |
| 3 parts of the pharynx | nasopharynx (connects with Eustachian tubes), oropharynx, and hypopharynx or laryngopharynx |
| the larynx | has functions in deglutition (swallowing, routing air and food in proper channels), respiration (breathing), and phonation (voice production). connects pharynx with the trachea. |
| epiglottis | a little flap attached to the entrance of the larynx. When upright, keeps the larynx open. when swallowing begins, epiglottis closes like a lid over larynx, directing food into the esophagus. |
| trachea | (windpipe) a tube connecting the larynx to the lungs. has 15-20 C-shaped hyaline cartilaginous rings. lined with ciliated cells and goblet cells producing mucus. |
| C-shaped hyaline cartilaginous rings (in trachea) | offer antero-lateral rigid structure to maintain airway and posterior flexibility when food passes in the esophagus. ends connected by the trachealis muscle |
| trachealis muscle | connects ends of rings and contracts when increase in air flow rate is needed |
| function of ciliated cells and goblet cells in the trachea | mucus (produced by goblet cells) traps foregn particles, ciliae move the particles upwards all the way to the pharynx where it is either digested (swallowed into the esophagus) or expelled as phlegm |
| what happens to the trachea at the level of the Carina? | the trachea bifurcates into two smaller tubes called right and left bronchi |
| Cardiac Notch | a notch in the medial border of the left lung to accommodate the shape of the heart |
| the right lung has __ lobes | 3 |
| the left lung has __ lobes | 2 |
| bronchi are straighter in the ____ lung... | right, causing more possible issues because it is easier for debris and unwanted particles to fall into lung |
| alveoli | located in the inferior portion of each lung, at end of a string of bronchi. there is no more cartilage present at the alveoli level. |
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