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CH 18 Integumentary

Integumentary System

QuestionAnswer
What makes up the Integumentary system? 1. Skin 2. Hair 3. Nails 4. Sebaceous Glands(sebum-oil) 5. Cerumenous Glands(cerumen-earwax) 6. Sudoriferous Glands(sweat)
Name the characteristics of skin? 1. Flexible 2. Waterproof 3. Protects body from UV light 4. Protects body from chemicals and microbes 5. Regulates body temperature
What is the name for the outermost layer of skin? Epidermis
What is the epidermis composed of? Epithelial cells
How do epithelial cells reproduce? Mitosis
The process where newer epithelial cells push upward then slowly necrose(die) is called? Keratinization
Keratinized cells are constantly being? Sloughed(shed)
Skin sloughing helps to rid the body of what? Pathogens(disease producers)
What is the Dermis? Second layer of skin
The dermis is AKA? Corium
The connective tissue(collagen +elastin) are produced the in what layer of skin? Dermis(corium)
What is the function of collagen? To bind the skin cells together
What structures are embedded in the dermis(corium)? 1. Blood vessels 2. Nerves 3. Lymph vessels 4. Hair follicles 5. Sebaceous glands 6. Sudoriferous glands
What is the name for the ossa that release sweat? Sudoriferous pores
The 3rd layer of skin is called? Hypodermis or Subcutaneous layer(subQ or subcu)
The subcutaneous tissue consists mainly of what? Adipose Tissue
What layer of tissue attaches the dermis to the underlying muscles? Hypodermis(subcutaneous tissue)
What is the name for the fibrous connective tisue of the body? Fascia
When skin is subjected to an excessive amount of abrasion or friction, a thickened area develops called a? Callus
What genetically determines your skin pigmentation? Amount of melanin produced
What is the name for a genetic mutation causing an absence of melanin production? Albinism
A bluish discoloration of the skin caused by hypoxia or hypothermia is called? Cyanosis
Hyperbilirubinemia is caused by? Excessive hemolysis of erythrocytes
What are the three terms used to describe the yellowish orangish discoloration to the skin/sclerae caused by hyperbilirubinemia? 1. Xanthoderma 2. Jaundice 3. Icterus
Jaundice in a neonate is known as? Kernicterus
Hair is a characteristic of all what? Mammals
On humans, hair can be found on the entire body EXCEPT for what 3 areas? 1. Palms 2. Soles 3. Glans penis
The average human produces how much hair each year? 7 miles of hair
Each hair is composed of what 3 structures? 1. Shaft 2. Root 3. Follicle
What is the hair shaft? The visible portion of the hair
Where is the hair root found? Epidermal tube
What process occurs in the hair follicle? Mitosis
What structure is attached to each hair follicle which causes the hair shaft to "stand on its end"? Arrector pili muscle
What 3 characteristics of hair does genetics control? 1. Hair color 2. Hair texture 3. Hair loss(alopecia)
The visible part of the nail is called? Nail body
The part of the nail that grows is known as? Nail bed
The base of the nail is covered by tissue called? Cuticle AKA: eponychium
The term for an abnormal condition of an ingrown(hidden)nail is? Onychocryptosis
What is an abnormal condition of a nail caused by fungus? Onychomycosis
A condition of inflammation adjacent to a nail is known as? Paronychia
Cicatrix is another term for? Scars
What is a Keloid? An exaggerated or hypertrophied scar
Keloids are associated with what? Surgery and 3rd degree burns
What is an ulcer? An erosion(wearing away)of the skin or mucous membrane
What are the 2 other terms for a Decubitus ulcer? 1. Bedsore 2. Pressure ulcer
Name the 6 bony prominences that decubitus ulcers commonly occur on? 1. Coccyx 2. Calcanei(heel) 3. Olecranons(elbow) 4. Scapulae(shoulder) 5. Occipital bone 6. Pelvis(Ilia and ischia)
What is the name for black and blue marks caused by bleeding under the skin? Ecchymosis
What are 3 other terms used to describe ecchymosis? 1. Hematoma 2. Contusion 3. Bruise
What is Edema? Tissue swelling caused by an accumulation of fluid
What is the term for fluid accumulation where indentations occur after light palpation? Pitting edema
What is the name for necrotic tissue caused by a burn? Escharotic
What is a flat usually erythematous skin lesion? Macule
A raised skin lesion less than 1 cm is called? Papule
A raised skin lesion greater than 1 cm is called? Nodule
A mole or a birthmark is called? Nevus
Pinpoint skin hemorrhages on the skin are known as? Petechia(e)
A combination of ecchymosis and petechiae is called? Purpura
A Pustule is? A papule filled with pus
A collection of pus is called? Abscess
What is another name for a wart? Verruca
3 terms used to describe a raised lesion filled with clear liquid is? 1. Blister 2. Bulla(>1cm) 3. Bleb(<1cm)
Mechanical superficial damage to the skin is known as? 1. Abrasion or 2. Scrape
Chemical superficial damage to the skin is called? Excoriation
What is celluliis? Inflammation of the skin cells
Urticaria is an indication of? Allergic reaction
Urticaria is AKA? 1. Hives 2. Wheals
What is a cyst? A thickening or lump
An infection of a hair follicle and adjacent tissue is called? Furuncle(or boil)
What is a cluster of furuncles? Carbuncle
What is the term for putrefaction caused by tissue necrosis and microbial proliferation? Gangrene(or decomposition)
Tissue that is cut torn or ripped is known as? Laceration
An avulsion is? Tearing any part of the body away from the whole
A term for Dry skin is? Xeroderma
Ichthyosis is? Dry scaly skin
Another term for scab is? Crustation
Localized loss of skin pigmentation characterized by milk-white patches is called? Vitiligo
Created by: Crazymommaof2
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