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Pharm Chapter 19
Ear, Nose & Throat (ENT) Drugs - Chapter 19
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Medications that decrease the swelling of mucous membranes, alleviate nasal stuffiness and sinus congestion, allow secretions to drain, and help open the Eustachian tubes are called | decongestants. |
Sudafed or Drixoral AKA -class | pseudoephedrine "Decongestants" |
pseudoephedrine The risk of CVA (cerebral vascular accident) increases by combining pseudoephedrine found in Drixoral or Sudafed with | Zoloft (anti-depressant, treat PMDD – premenstrual dysphoric disorder) |
Afrin -class | decongestants |
A side effect of decongestants is | HTN (hypertension, high blood pressure). |
Decongestants, and Antihistamines should not be given to | children under 6 unless directed by a physician (NBC). |
The inflammatory response occurs whenever the body is | injured |
Injury to the body can be caused by an | allergen |
Allergens include: | 1. Pollen. 2. Ragweed. 3. Animal dander. 4. Mold. 5. Dust, etc. |
Signs and symptoms of the inflammatory response include: | 1. Edema (swelling). 2. Erythema (redness). 3. Warmth. 4. Pruritus (itching). |
The inflammatory response occurs because the body is trying to bring more blood to the injured area to | speed healing |
The faster the healing process, the less the chance of | infection. |
The chemical responsible for the inflammatory response is | histamine. |
Medications used to block the action of histamine are called | antihistamines. |
Lodrane AKA -class | brompheniramine. "antihistamine" |
Zyrtec -class | "antihistamine" |
Chlor-Trimeton AKA -class | chlorpheniramine "antihistamine" |
Tavist -class | "antihistamine" |
Clarinex -class | "antihistamine" |
Benadryl AKA -class | diphenhydramine "antihistamine" |
Allegra -class | "antihistamine" |
Claritin or Alavert AKA -class | loratadine "antihistamine" |
Claritin (Alavert) were designed to be | nondrowsy. |
Many antihistamines have the common side effect of | drowsiness |
Corticosteroids are very effective | anti-inflammatory medications |
Rhinocort -class | ENT (ears, nose & throat) corticosteroid |
Nasalide -class | ENT (ears, nose & throat) corticosteroid |
Flonase -class | ENT (ears, nose & throat) corticosteroid |
Nasonex -class | ENT (ears, nose & throat) corticosteroid |
Nasacort -class | ENT (ears, nose & throat) corticosteroid |
Omnaris -class | ENT (ears, nose & throat) corticosteroid |
Medications used to suppress coughing are called | antitussive medications |
codeine -class | 1. antitussive 2. narcotic analgesic |
Benylin DM or Robitussin or Vicks or Delsym AKA -class | dextromethorphan (DM) "antitussive" |
Medications used to reduce the viscosity (thickness) of sputum (phlegm) so that patients can more easily expectorate (cough up) are called | expectorants |
Robitussin or Mucinex AKA -class | guaifenesin (common)"expectorant" |
Candida albicans (candidiasis) is AKA | monilia |
Mycelex -class | Antifungal medications used to treat thrush |
Mycostatin or Nilstat AKA -class | nystatin "Antifungal medications used to treat thrush" |
Some "antifungal" medications are applied topically as a solution where the patient will | swish and swallow |
"Antifungals" to treat thrush (candidiasis) are also supplied as a | troche AKA lozenge or pastille |
Cepacol or Anbesol or Chloraseptic or Orabase AKA -class | benzocaine "Topical anesthetics for the oral cavity and/or pharynx (throat)" |
Benzocaine can cause a life threatening depletion of O2 (oxygen) in the blood of | children under the age of two |
A "topical anesthetic and vasoconstrictor used to control epistaxis"(nose bleed) is | cocaine |
A "chemical cautery" on an applicator stick used to cauterize superficial blood vessels (epistaxis) is called | silver nitrate (AgNO3) |