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Digestive Vocabulary
Word | Definition |
---|---|
Postevacuation films | Positions showing colon's ability to expel barirum |
Splenic flexure | LEFT colic flexure - Most superior segment of bowel |
Hepatic flexure | RIGHT colic flexure |
Mueller | Maneuver where inhalation takes place against a closed glottis. |
Pyloric sphincter | Opening of distal stomach into duodenum |
Greater curvature | Surface of stomach located between incisura angularis and pylorus. |
Emulsification | Process where large fat particules change to small particles. |
Small intestine | Part of bowel where absorption primarily takes place. |
Suspension | Mixture of barium sulfate and water. |
Valsalva | Holding of breath and bearing down. |
Cardiac notch | Another name for incisura cardiaca |
Large bowel | Stores and eliminates feces |
Gastrografin | Water-soluble gastrointestinal contrast agent used when perforations are present. |
Descending colon | Longest segment of duodenum |
Bile | Aid to digestion manufactured in liver |
Deglutition | Act of swallowing. |
Chyme | Churned stomach contents |
Mastication | Movement of chewing |
Esophageal hiatus | Opening in diaphragm where esophagus passes. |
Pancreas | Lies in close relationship to duodenum. |
Buccal cavity | Another name for the oral cavity. |
Ligament of Treitz | Junction of duodenum and remainder of small bowel. |
Eustachian | Middle ear connects to the nasopharynx |
Angular notch | aka incisura angularis |
Enzymes | Biochemical catalysts that speed up digestion |
Bulb/cap | First part of small intestine |
Pepsin | Digestion enzyme |
Mucosa | Inner lining of gastrointestinal tract |
Serosa | Outermost layer of most of gastrointestinal canal. |
Retroperitoneal | Organs lying on posterior abdomen wall |
Gastroenterology | Study of stomach and intestines. |
Mesentary | Double-fold of peritoneum connecting organs to posterior abdominal wall |
Peritoneum | Double-walled membrane of abdomen |
Jejunum | Approximately 8 feet long and extends to ileum. |
Uvula | Hangs from free border of soft palate |
Cholecystokinin | Inhibits secretion of gastric juice. |
Greater omentum | Four-layered apron fold over front of intestine. |
Pylorus | Last division of stomach |
Villi | Projections of mucosa to increase absorption |
Cirrhosis | Scarred liver |
Ileocecal sphincter | Opening from the ileum into large intestine |
Ascites | Accumulation of serous fluid |
Mesocolon | Binds large intestine to posterior body wall. |
Gastroesophageal | Spincter that relaxes during swallowing. |
Sphincter | Thickened ring of circular layer of visceral muscle surrounding opening of hollow organ. |
Cardiac sphincter | On cardiac end of stomach; prevents regurgitation into esophagus. |
Pyloric sphincter | Pyloric end of stomach; allows contents to enter duodenum. |
Teniae coli | Bands of muscle fibers that pass lengthwise on large intestine. |
Haustra | Sac-like pouches in wall of large intestine. |
Ampulla of Vater | Hepatopancreatic ampulla |
Sphincter of Oddi | Hepatopancreatic sphincter |
Gastrin | Hormone secreted by pyloric glands to stimulate secreton of gastric juice. |
Pharynx | Receives food from mouth and passes it on into esophagus via swallowing. |
Esophagus | Passage that carries food from pharynx to stomach |
Cecum | Widest portion of entire bowel. |
Paralytic | Bowel does not propel contents forward |
Appendix | Vermiform process |
Sigmoid Colon | Pelvic colon |
Lesser Curvature of stomach | Right border beginning at esophagogastric junction, ending at pylorus. |
Greater Curvature of stomach | Left and inferior border beginning at esophagogastric junction (cardiac notch), down to pylorus. 4-5 times longer than lesser curvature. |