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Digestive Vocabulary

WordDefinition
Postevacuation films Positions showing colon's ability to expel barirum
Splenic flexure LEFT colic flexure - Most superior segment of bowel
Hepatic flexure RIGHT colic flexure
Mueller Maneuver where inhalation takes place against a closed glottis.
Pyloric sphincter Opening of distal stomach into duodenum
Greater curvature Surface of stomach located between incisura angularis and pylorus.
Emulsification Process where large fat particules change to small particles.
Small intestine Part of bowel where absorption primarily takes place.
Suspension Mixture of barium sulfate and water.
Valsalva Holding of breath and bearing down.
Cardiac notch Another name for incisura cardiaca
Large bowel Stores and eliminates feces
Gastrografin Water-soluble gastrointestinal contrast agent used when perforations are present.
Descending colon Longest segment of duodenum
Bile Aid to digestion manufactured in liver
Deglutition Act of swallowing.
Chyme Churned stomach contents
Mastication Movement of chewing
Esophageal hiatus Opening in diaphragm where esophagus passes.
Pancreas Lies in close relationship to duodenum.
Buccal cavity Another name for the oral cavity.
Ligament of Treitz Junction of duodenum and remainder of small bowel.
Eustachian Middle ear connects to the nasopharynx
Angular notch aka incisura angularis
Enzymes Biochemical catalysts that speed up digestion
Bulb/cap First part of small intestine
Pepsin Digestion enzyme
Mucosa Inner lining of gastrointestinal tract
Serosa Outermost layer of most of gastrointestinal canal.
Retroperitoneal Organs lying on posterior abdomen wall
Gastroenterology Study of stomach and intestines.
Mesentary Double-fold of peritoneum connecting organs to posterior abdominal wall
Peritoneum Double-walled membrane of abdomen
Jejunum Approximately 8 feet long and extends to ileum.
Uvula Hangs from free border of soft palate
Cholecystokinin Inhibits secretion of gastric juice.
Greater omentum Four-layered apron fold over front of intestine.
Pylorus Last division of stomach
Villi Projections of mucosa to increase absorption
Cirrhosis Scarred liver
Ileocecal sphincter Opening from the ileum into large intestine
Ascites Accumulation of serous fluid
Mesocolon Binds large intestine to posterior body wall.
Gastroesophageal Spincter that relaxes during swallowing.
Sphincter Thickened ring of circular layer of visceral muscle surrounding opening of hollow organ.
Cardiac sphincter On cardiac end of stomach; prevents regurgitation into esophagus.
Pyloric sphincter Pyloric end of stomach; allows contents to enter duodenum.
Teniae coli Bands of muscle fibers that pass lengthwise on large intestine.
Haustra Sac-like pouches in wall of large intestine.
Ampulla of Vater Hepatopancreatic ampulla
Sphincter of Oddi Hepatopancreatic sphincter
Gastrin Hormone secreted by pyloric glands to stimulate secreton of gastric juice.
Pharynx Receives food from mouth and passes it on into esophagus via swallowing.
Esophagus Passage that carries food from pharynx to stomach
Cecum Widest portion of entire bowel.
Paralytic Bowel does not propel contents forward
Appendix Vermiform process
Sigmoid Colon Pelvic colon
Lesser Curvature of stomach Right border beginning at esophagogastric junction, ending at pylorus.
Greater Curvature of stomach Left and inferior border beginning at esophagogastric junction (cardiac notch), down to pylorus. 4-5 times longer than lesser curvature.
Created by: rad1958tech
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