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Chabner Chapter 11
The Cardiovascular System (Pathology)
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Aneurysm (blood vessels) | Local widening (dilation) of an arterial wall. |
| Arrhythmias (heart) | Abnormal heart rhythms (dysrhythmias). |
| Bradycardia and heart block (atrioventricular block) (heart) | Failure of proper conduction of imputlses from the SA node through the AV node to the atrioventricular bundle (bundle of His). |
| Coarctation of the aorta (CoA) (heart) | Passageway (ductus arteriosus) between the aorta and the pulmonary artery remains open (patent) after birth. |
| Congenitial heart disease (heart) | Abnormalities in the heart at birth. |
| Congestive heart failure (CHF) (heart) | Heart is unable to pump its required amount of blood. |
| Coronary artery disease (CAD) (heart) | Disease of the arteries surrounding the heart. |
| Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) (blood vessels) | Blood clot (thrombus) forms in a large vein, usually in a lower limb. |
| Endocarditis (heart) | Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart. |
| Fibrillation (heart) | Very rapid, random, inefficient, and irregular contractions of the heart (350 beats or more per minute). |
| Flutter (heart) | Rapid but regular contractions , usually of the atria. |
| Hypertension (HTN) (blood vessels) | High blood pressure.M |
| Hypertensive heart disease (heart) | High blood pressure affecting the heart. |
| Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) (heart) | Improper closing of the mitral valve. |
| Murmur (heart) | Extra heart sound, heard between normal beats. |
| Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) (heart) | Passageway (ductus arteriosus) between the aorta and the pulmonary artery remains open (patent) after birth. |
| Pericarditis (heart) | Inflammation of the membrane (pericardium) surrounding the heart. |
| Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) (blood vessels) | Blockage of arteries carrying blood to the legs, arms, kidneys, and other organs. |
| Raynaud disease (blood vessels) | Recurrent episodes of pallor and cyanosis primarily in fingers and toes. |
| Rheumatic heart disease (heart) | Heart disease caused by rheumatic fever. |
| Septal defects (heart) | Small holes in the wall between the atria (atrial septal defects) or the ventricles (ventricular septal defects). |
| Tetralogy of Fallot (heart) | Congenitial malformation involvinf four distinct heart defects. |
| Varicose veins (blood vessels) | Abnormally swollen and twisted veins, usually occurring in the legs. |
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mrssmith0725
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