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Test 2 political sys

TermDefinition
Civil rights guarantees of equal opportunities, privleges, and treatment under the law that allow individuals to participate fully and equally in American society
civil liberties individual rights and freedoms that government is obliged to protect, normally by not interfering in the exercise of these rights and freedoms.
libel publication of material that falsley damages a person's reputation
slander spoken words that falsley damage a person's reputation.
right to privacy right implied by the freedoms in the bill of rights that grants individuals a degree of personal privacy upon which government cannot lawfully intrude.
de facto discrimination racial segregation that occurs because of past social and economic conditions and residential racial patterns
civil disobedience a nonviolent public refusal to obey allegedly unjust laws
Plessy v. Ferguson established the 14th amendment which ruled that could not intent to abolish distinctions based upon color or to enforce social equality. Also gave us the separate but equal doctrine.
de jure discrimination racial segregation that occurs because of laws or administrative decisions by public agencies.
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka ruled that segregation of races in public schools violates the 14th amendment. It overturned Plessy v. Ferguson.
population an entire bidy of people from which a sample is selected and assumed to be representative.
sample a subset of the while population selected to be quiestioned for the purpose of prediction or gauging opinions.
ideology consistent set of ideas about a given set of issues
political participation involvement in activities intended to influence public policy and leadership, such as voting, campaigning, etc.
primary election election in which voters choose the candidate that will represent their political party in the general election.
Clear and present danger test a standard that permits government restrictions on speech if public officials believe that allowing the speech creates a risk. The speech may be restricted if such speech presents a danger to the public order. Think of yelling "fire" in a movie theater.
Americans with Disabilities Act Ruling that public buildings and public services must be acceptable to persons with disabilities. Employers must reasonably accommodate the needs of workers or potential workers with disablitites.
establishment clause a clase in the first ammendment that prevents government from establihing an official religion, treating one religion preferably to another, proselytizing, or promoting religion over no religion.
federalists early political group that advocated for a strong national government.
political party organized groups with public followings that seek to elect office holders who identify themselves by the group's common label, for the purpose of exercising political power.
democratic-republicans early political group that advocated for state's rights and the rights of farmers.
Whigs a political group that split off from the Democratic Republicans and were anti-Jackson. They favored federal spending on regional improvements such as roads.
lobbying communicating with government officials to persuade them toward a particular policy decision.
Lemon test a three-part establishment clause test used by the Supreme Court that states that in order to be comstitutional a gov.t action must have a plausible nonreligious purpose; its primary or principal effect must be to neither advance nor inhibit religion.
Created by: emulligan
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