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PoliSci
Quiz 3 Chapter 10 & 11
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Bicameral | any legislative body that consists if two separate chambers or houses; in the United States, the Senate represents 50 statewide voter constituencies, and the House of Representatives represents voters in 435 separate districts |
| Power of the Purse | Congress's exclusive constitutional power to authorize expenditures by all agencies of the federal gov't |
| Confirmation | the constitutionally required consent of the Senate to appointments of high-level executive officials by the president and appointments of federal judges |
| Subpoena | a written command to appear before a court or a congressional committee |
| Impeachment | formal charges of wrongdoing brought against a government official resulting in a trial and upon conviction removal from office |
| Apportionment | the allocation of legislative seats to jurisdictions based on population. Seats in the U.S. House of Representatives are apportioned to the states on the basis of their population after every 10-year census |
| Redistricting | drawing of legislative district boundary lines following each 10-year census |
| Gerrymandering | drawing district boundary lines for political advantage |
| Open Seat | seat in legislature for which no incumbent is running for reelection |
| Safe Seats | legislative districts in which the incumbent regularly wins by a large margin of the vote |
| Term Limits | limitations on the number of terms that an elected official can serve in office |
| Pork Barreling | legislation designed to make gov't benefits, including jobs and projects used as political patronage, flow to a particular district or state |
| Ear Marks | provisions in appropriate bills specifying particular projects for which federal money is to be spent |
| Speaker of the House | presiding officer of the House |
| Majority Leader | in the House, the majority-party leader & second in command to the Speaker; in the Senate, the leader of the majority party |
| Minority Leader | in both the House and the Senate, the leader of the opposition party |
| Whips | in both the House and the Senate, the principal assistants to the party leaders and next in command to those leaders |
| Standing Committee | permanent committee of the House or Senate that deals with matters within a specified area |
| Subcommittees | specialized committees within standing committees |
| Seniority System | custom whereby the member of Congress who has served the longest on the majority side of a committee becomes its chair and the member who served the longest on the minority side becomes its ranking member |
| "Killer" Amendment | an amendment to a piece of legislation that is designed to ensure the defeat of the bill on final vote |
| Filibuster | delaying tactic by a senator or group of senators, using the Senate's unlimited debate rule to prevent a vote on a bill |
| Cloture | vote to end debate; requires 3/5 vote of the entire membership of the Senate |
| Rider | Amendment to a bill that is not germane to the bill's purposes |
| Roll Call Vote | vote of the House or Senate |
| Conference Committees | meetings between representatives of the House and Senate to reconcile differences over provisions of a bill passed by both houses |
| Bipartisanship | agreement by members of both the democratic and Republican parties |
| Divide Party Government | one party controls the presidency while the other controls one or both houses of Congress |
| Executive Privilege | right of a president to withhold from other branches of government confidential communications within the executive branch |
| Watergate | the scandal that led to the force resignation of President Richard M. Nixon. Adding "-gate" as a suffix to any alleged corruption in government |
| White House Press Corps | reporters from both print and broadcast media assigned to regularly cover the president |
| Executive Orders | formal regulations governing executive branch operations issued by the president |
| Cabinet | the heads of the executive departments together with other top officials accorded cabinet rank by the president |
| Honeymoon Period | early months of a president's term in which his popularity with the public and influence with the Congress are generally high |
| Gridlock | political stalemate between the executive and legislative branches arising when one branch is controlled by one major political part and the other branch by another |
| Veto | rejection of a legislative act by the executive branch |
| Treaty | a formal agreement with another nation or nations signed by the president and consented by the Senate by a two-thirds vote |
| Convert Actions | secret intelligence activities outside U.S. borders undertaken with specific authorization by the president |
| Bicameral | any legislative body that consists if two separate chambers or houses; in the United States, the Senate represents 50 statewide voter constituencies, and the House of Representatives represents voters in 435 separate districts |
| Power of the Purse | Congress's exclusive constitutional power to authorize expenditures by all agencies of the federal gov't |
| Confirmation | the constitutionally required consent of the Senate to appointments of high-level executive officials by the president and appointments of federal judges |
| Subpoena | a written command to appear before a court or a congressional committee |
| Impeachment | formal charges of wrongdoing brought against a government official resulting in a trial and upon conviction removal from office |
| Apportionment | the allocation of legislative seats to jurisdictions based on population. Seats in the U.S. House of Representatives are apportioned to the states on the basis of their population after every 10-year census |
| Redistricting | drawing of legislative district boundary lines following each 10-year census |
| Gerrymandering | drawing district boundary lines for political advantage |
| Open Seat | seat in legislature for which no incumbent is running for reelection |
| Safe Seats | legislative districts in which the incumbent regularly wins by a large margin of the vote |
| Term Limits | limitations on the number of terms that an elected official can serve in office |
| Pork Barreling | legislation designed to make gov't benefits, including jobs and projects used as political patronage, flow to a particular district or state |
| Ear Marks | provisions in appropriate bills specifying particular projects for which federal money is to be spent |
| Speaker of the House | presiding officer of the House |
| Majority Leader | in the House, the majority-party leader & second in command to the Speaker; in the Senate, the leader of the majority party |
| Minority Leader | in both the House and the Senate, the leader of the opposition party |
| Whips | in both the House and the Senate, the principal assistants to the party leaders and next in command to those leaders |
| Standing Committee | permanent committee of the House or Senate that deals with matters within a specified area |
| Subcommittees | specialized committees within standing committees |
| Seniority System | custom whereby the member of Congress who has served the longest on the majority side of a committee becomes its chair and the member who served the longest on the minority side becomes its ranking member |
| "Killer" Amendment | an amendment to a piece of legislation that is designed to ensure the defeat of the bill on final vote |
| Filibuster | delaying tactic by a senator or group of senators, using the Senate's unlimited debate rule to prevent a vote on a bill |
| Cloture | vote to end debate; requires 3/5 vote of the entire membership of the Senate |
| Rider | Amendment to a bill that is not germane to the bill's purposes |
| Roll Call Vote | vote of the House or Senate at which all members' individual votes are recorded and made public |
| Conference Committees | meetings between representatives of the House and Senate to reconcile differences over provisions of a bill padded by both houses |
| Bipartisanship | agreement by members of both the Democrat and the Republican parties |
| Divide Party Government | one party controls the presidency while the other party controls one or both houses of Congress |
| Executive Privilege | right of a president to withhold from other branches of government confidential communications within the executive branch |
| Watergate | the scandal that led to the forced resignation of President Richard M. Nixon. Adding "-gate" as a suffix to any alleged corruption in government suggests an analogy to the Watergate Sandal |
| White House Press Corps | reporters from both print and broadcast media assigned to regularly cover the president |
| Executive Orders | formal regulations governing executive branch operations issued by the president |
| Cabinet | the head of the executive departments together with other top officials accorded cabinet rank by the president |
| Honeymoon Period | early months of a president's term in which his popularity within the public and influence with the congress are generally high |
| Gridlock | political stalemate between the executive and legislative branches arising when one branch is controlled by one major political party and the other branch by the other party |
| Veto | rejection of a legislative act by the executive branch |
| Treaty | a formal agreement with another nation or nations signed by the president and consented to by the Senate by a two-thirds vote |
| Convert Actions | secret intelligence activities outside U.S. borders undertaken with specific authorization by the president |
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