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My Notes
Mrs eastams Class Notes
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Contractibility | Ability of skeletal muscle to shorten with force. |
| Excitability | capacity of skeletal muscle to respond to a stimulus. |
| Extensibility | ability to be stretched. |
| Elasticity | ability to recoil to original resting length after they have been stretched. |
| epimysium | surrounds skeletal muscle and is a connective tissue sheath. |
| fascia | another connective tissue located outside the epimysium. it surrounds and seperates muscles. |
| perimysium | loose connective tissue tht surrounds fasiculi. |
| fibers | single muscle cells |
| endomysium | connective tissue sheath tht surrounds fibers. |
| myofibrils | threadlike structure tht extends from one end of the fiber to the other. |
| actin myofilaments | thin, resemble 2 minute strands of pearls twisted together. |
| myosin myofilaments | thick, resemble bundles of minute golf clubs. |
| sarcomeres | highly ordered units which are joined end to end to form the myofibril. |
| resting membrane potential | charge difference across the membrane. |
| action potential | the brief reversal back of the charge. |
| motor nuerons | nerve cells that carry action potentials to skeletal muscle fibers. |
| belly | portion of muscle between the origin and the insertion |
| Erector spinae | of muscles on each side of the back |
| Thoracic Muscles | muscles that move the thorax |
| Diaphragm | accomplishes quiet breathing |
| Trapezius | rotates scapula |
| Serratus anterior | pulls scapula anteriorly |
| Pectoralis major | adducts and flexes the arm |
| Latissimus dorsi | medially rotates, adducts, and powerfully extends the arm |
| Biceps brachii | flexes the forearm |
| Triceps brachii | extends the forearm |
| Brachialis | flexes forearm |
| Brachioradialis | flexes and supinates the forearm |
| Retinaculum | strong band of fibrous connective tissue that covers the flexor and extensor tendons |
| Flexor carpi | flexes the wrist |
| Extensor carpi | extends the wrist |
| Flexor digitorum | flexes the fingers |
| Extensor digitorum | extends the fingers |
| the intrinsic hand muscles | 19 hand muscles |
| Gluteus maximus | buttocks |
| Gluteus medius | hip muscle and common injection site |
| Quadriceps femoris | extends the leg |
| Sartorius | flexes the thigh |
| Hamstring muscles | flexes the leg and extends the thigh |
| Gastrocnemius and soleus | form the calf muscle |
| calcaneal tendon | Flex the foot and toes |
| peroneus muscles | turning the lateral side of the foot outward |
| intrinsic foot muscles | flex extend, abduct, and adduct the toes |
| synapse | near center of cell |
| motor unit | single motor nueron mujscle fibers |
| presynaptic terminal | space between muscle cell |
| synaptic vessels | secretes synaptic cleft |
| acetylcholine | nuerotransmitter |
| acetylcholinesterase | enzymes tht rapidly breaks down |
| sliding filament mechanism | sliding of actin myofilaments |
| muscle twitch | contraction of entire muscle |
| threshold | point muscle contracts fully |
| lag phase | time between stimulis to motor nueron |
| contraction phase | time of contraction |
| relaxation phase | time which muscle relaxes |
| tetany | muscles remain contracted |
| recruitment | increase in number of motor units |
| atp | needed for energy |
| atp | produced in mitochondria |
| atp | short lived |
| atp | unstable |
| atp | degenerates to more stable adp |
| creatine phosphate | high energy molecule |
| anaerobic respiration | without oxygen |
| aerobic respiration | with oxygen |
| oxygen dept | amount of oxygen needed for chemical reaction |
| muscle fatigue | mucles tire faster than oxygen can b produced |
| isometric | equal distance |
| isotonic | equal tension |
| muscle tone | constant tension of muscles |
| origin | head |
| insertion | end of muscle undergoing most work |
| belly | between origin and insertion |
| synergists | muscles tht work together |
| antagonist | muscles tht work in opposition |
| prime mover | a muscle tht plays as the major role |
Created by:
jhouts1587
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